Last update: 21 February 2011

Title of the measure:

GER32

Market Incentive Programme for Renewable Energies (Marktanreizprogramm für erneuerbare Energien im Wärmemarkt– MAP)

General description The Market Incentive Programme for Renewable Energies (Marktanreizprogramm-MAP) first went into effect in September 1999 and supports the use of renewable energy sources in existing buildings (residential and non-residential buildings). As part of the integrated energy and climate programme of the federal government, the BMU (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety) has decided on a new open ended directive for the MAP. It has come into effect in January 2008. The financial volume has been enlarged from 213 million € in 2007 to 350 million € in 2008 and to 500 million € in 2009. In 2009 the budget of the program was enlarged to 352 million € by the Renewables Heat Act enacted on 1 January 2009 (EEWärmeG; BGBl. I p. 1658, last amended on 21 July 2009 by Art. 3 BGBl. I p. 1804; related to Directive 2009/28/EC of 23 April 2009). In 2011 the financial volume is 352 million €. The programme offers support for the use of renewable energy sources for heat: the installation of solar collector systems, small systems for solid biomass heat production, and photovoltaic systems at schools and universities, biogas systems, large biomass systems, hydro systems and deep geothermal systems. The programme encompasses two support schemes: 1) a partial repayment grant/bonus by the reconstruction bank KfW and 2) a partial investment grant/allowance by the Federal Government (BAFA). The programme is handled by the KfW promotional bank and by the Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle (BAFA). In 2011 the investment grants by BAFA promote solar collector systems, biogas combustion systems, efficient heat pumps and visualisation measures at schools and in churches. The funding specifications of the programme have changed several times since 1999. The last version of the funding specifications is from January 2011 (see http://www.bmu.de/files/pdfs/allgemein/application/pdf/foerderung_map_bafa_bf.pdf).

Impact evaluation For the period 2000-2003, an impact evaluation was carried out by Prognos/IER (2004). The evaluation differentiates between thermal applications (incl. energy efficiency measures) and electrical systems. In the period 2000-2003, thermal systems were subsidised by 323 million Euro. The resulting cumulated CO2 savings in the year 2003 amount to about 790 thousand tonnes. The resulting CO2 savings from installed systems producing electricity by biomass, geothermal, hydro and PV amount to 415 kt (see Table 1). These results both include residential buildings and buildings used for commercial purposes, since the programme is valid for both building types. An evaluation of the MAP in the period 1 January 2002 – 30 June 2004 was carried out by ZSW/ ISI (2004). During this period, about 212 000 loans were granted. 75 % of the subsidised applications were solar collectors, 16 % biomass systems. With the systems which were subsidised in the period January 2002 – June 2004, CO2 emissions of 548 000 tons per year were avoided. The main focus of this evaluation was not on the energy and CO2 savings which were achieved by the programme, but on a detailed analysis of the measures promoted within the programme. The evaluation was repeated for several years (ZSW/TFZ 2006, ZSW 2007, 2008, 2009). An ongoing evaluation for the period 2009-2011 is carried out by Fichtner et al. (2010). A quantitative ex-ante evaluation of the impact of the Market Incentive Programme on CO2 emissions was carried out by a group of research institute on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt (Öko-Institut et al. 2009). The impact calculation in this study is based on a technical space heating model including a representative sample of the building stock, which is characterized by specific building types. The total CO2 reductions which are calculated with the heating model are extrapolated to the number of buildings

Last update: 21 February 2011

which have installed solar collectors, biomass installations and heat pumps under the MAP, taking into account the results of the ex-post evaluations mentioned above. Table 1: Yearly CO2 and energy savings by thermal and electrical systems installed within the Market Incentive Programme for Renewable Energies Ex-post evaluation1) (residential and nonresidential buildings) CO2 (kt) (thermal applications) CO2 (kt) (electricity) Energy (TJ) (therm. appl.) Electricity (TJ) Ex-post / Ex-ante evaluation3) (only residential buildings) direct CO2 (kt)2) solar collectors biomass systems heat pumps 1) 2) 3)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2003 cumu lated

80 70

200 140

350 130

170 80

800 420

1160 2860 5140 2710 1187 720 1410 1280 860 4260 2006 2007 2008 2010 2020 2030

110 210

230 300

340 430 40

560 1660 2710 820 2740 4580 100 390 670

Prognos/IER 2004 only direct emissions; without electricity/district heat Öko-Institut et al. (2009) based on ZSW/ISI (2004), ZSW/TFZ (2006), ZSW (2007), ZSW (2008) and calculation of Forschungszentrum Juelich (IEF-STE)

Compared to total energy consumption in the residential sector, this means a high impact of the programme in the following years.

Historical data Until the end of the 1990s, renewable energies in Germany were mainly promoted by programmes of the Federal Länder, communities and municipalities. There was only little support at the national level. From the end of the 1990s, the situation changed and renewables were much more promoted by programmes of the Federal Government in co-operation with the public reconstruction bank KfW and the Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle (BAFA).

References IEA (ed.): Energy Efficiency Policies in IEA countries. Germany (Updated July 2003) (www.iea.org) BMU (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety): Press Release 231/03. Förderung erneuerbarer Energien wird verbessert. Berlin, 12 December 2003 (www.bmu.de) BMU (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety): Press Release Nr. 337/07, Bonn, 06.12.2007: New market incentive programme; http://www.erneuerbareenergien.de/inhalt/40535/ Fichtner/ZSW/DLR/Ifeu/GFZ/SWT/TFZ: Evaluierung von Einzelmaßnahmenzur Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien im Wärmemarkt (Marktanreizprogramm) für den Zeitraum 2009 bis 2011. Evaluierung des Förderjahres 2009. Im Auftrag des BMU. Zwischenbericht. Dezember 2010.

http://www.ifeu.de/index.php?bereich=ene&seite=marktanreizprogramm Prognos AG, IER: Analyse der Wirksamkeit von CO2-Minderungsmaßnahmen im Energiebereich und ihre Weiterentwicklung. Study on behalf the Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour. Basel, August 2004

Last update: 21 February 2011

Öko-Institut, IFE-STE, DIW, Fraunhofer ISI, Ziesing: Politikszenarien für den Klimaschutz V- auf dem Weg zum Strukturwandel. Treibhausgas-Emissionsszenarien bis zum Jahr 2030. On behalf of the Environmental Protection Agency (UBA). Climate Change 16/2009. Dessau-Roßlau, Oktober 2009. http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/uba-info-medien/mysql_medien.php ZSW (Zentrum für Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff-Forschung in Baden-Württemberg)/ ISI (Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research): Evaluierung von Einzelmaßnahmen zur Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien (Marktanreizprogramm) im Zeitraum Januar 2002 bis August 2004. Study on behalf of the Federal Ministry for the Environment. Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, December 2004 ZSW/TFZ: Evaluierung von Einzelmaßnahmen zur Nutzung erneuerbarer (Marktanreizprogramm im Zeitraum Januar 2004 - Dezember 2005), 2006

Energien

ZSW: Evaluierung von Einzelmaßnahmen zur Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien (Marktanreizprogramm im Zeitraum Januar-Dezember 2006), Juli 2007 ZSW: Evaluierung von Einzelmaßnahmen zur Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien (Marktanreizprogramm im Zeitraum Januar 2008 Dezember 2008), Stuttgart, 2009