E-Voting Bibliography Version 4.0

Flurin Conradin, Alicia Portenier [email protected] 20.05.2014

Collected with the kind support of Dr. Robert Krimmer, Mr. Ero Liivik, Dr. Josep Mª Reniu, Mrs. Signe Bock Segaard, PhD and Dr. Uwe Serdült

Contents 1.

Australia .................................................................................................................................................................... 1

2.

Austria ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2.1.

3.

Official Reports ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Belgium ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3.1.

Official Reports ..................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.

Canada ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3

5.

Denmark.................................................................................................................................................................... 3

6.

Estonia ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 6.1.

7.

Official Reports ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Europe ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5

7.1.

Official Reports ..................................................................................................................................................... 7

8.

France ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7

9.

Germany .................................................................................................................................................................... 7

10.

Italy ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9

11.

Netherlands .............................................................................................................................................................. 9

11.1. 12.

Official Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 10

Norway .................................................................................................................................................................... 10

12.1.

Official Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 11

13.

Poland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11

14.

Portugal .................................................................................................................................................................. 11

15.

Slovenia ................................................................................................................................................................... 11

16.

Spain ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11

17.

Switzerland ............................................................................................................................................................. 12

17.1. 18.

UK ............................................................................................................................................................................. 16

18.1. 19.

Official Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 15

Official Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 18

USA .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

19.1.

Official Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 20

20.

Turkey ...................................................................................................................................................................... 20

21.

Africa ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20

22.

Asia .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20

23.

Latin America ......................................................................................................................................................... 21

24.

International ........................................................................................................................................................... 21

Grouping of references: A reference is listed under a country if it is specific to this country, e.g. if an author looks at possibilities of using e-voting in the US presidential election, this would be listed as a US reference. Reports written or mandated by a government are official reports. Finally, references that are not country specific are listed as international references.

1.

Australia

Barry, Colin, Paul Dacey, Tim Pickering, and Tim Evans. 2002. eVolution Not Revolution. Electronic Voting Status Report. Australian Electoral Commission. Sydney. Boughton, Carol. 2008. "Maintaining Democratic Values in E-Voting with eVACS." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 181–90. Electoral Council of Australia and New Zealand. 2013. Internet Voting in Australian Election Systems. Sydney. http://www.eca.gov.au/research/files/internet-voting-australian-election-systems.pdf (Accessed January 21, 2014). Hill, Lisa and Kate Alport. 2007. "Reconnecting Australia's Politically Excluded. Electronic Pathways to Electoral Inclusion." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 3 (4):1–19. Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters. 2009. Report on the 2007 Federal Election Electronic Voting Trials. Canberra. Sheridan and Associates. 2009. "Trial of Remote Electronic Voting for Australian Defence Force Personnel Serving Overseas. Evaluation Approach." In Report on the 2007 Federal Election Electronic Voting Trials. Canberra, 15–43. Smith, Rodney. 2009. International Experiences of Electronic Voting and Their Implications for New South Wales. University of Sydney. Sydney. The Allen Consulting Group. 2011. Evaluation of Technology Assisted Voting Provided at the New South Wales State General Election March 2011. Sydney.

2.

Austria

Bauer, Werner T. 2003. Internet und Demokratie. Mehr Demokratie durch das Netz? Österreichische Gesellschaft für Politikberatung und Politikentwicklung. Wien. Fuchs, Lisa. "Digitalisierung studentischer Partizipation. Moderne Demokratietheorien und hochschulpolitische Praxis in Österreich." 2011. Masterarbeit. Donau Universität Krems. Heindl, Patricia. 2004. "E-Voting in Austria. Legal Requirements and First Steps." In Electronic Voting in Europe Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 165–70. Heppner, Björn. "E-Demokratie und E-Voting in Österreich. Erfahrungen, Einstellungen und Absichten der politisch Verantwortlichen und IT-Leiter der Länder und Gemeinden." 2010. Dissertation. Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Krimmer, Robert. "e-Voting.at - Elektronische Demokratie am Beispiel der österreichischen Hochschülerschaftswahlen." 2002. Arbeitspapier. Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Krimmer, Robert. 2003. "E-Voting in Österreich." In Zwischen Rechtstheorie und E-Government. Aktuelle Fragen der Rechtsinformatik 2003, eds. Erich Schweighofer, Thomas Menzel, Günther Kreuzbauer, and Doris Liebwald. Wien: Verlag Österreich, 271–8. Krimmer, Robert, Andreas Ehringfeld, and Markus Traxl. 2010. E-Voting bei den Hochschülerinnen- und Hochschülerschaftswahlen 2009. Evaluierungsbericht. Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung. Wien. Krimmer, Robert, Andreas Ehringfeld, and Markus Traxl. 2010. "The Use of E-Voting in the Austrian Federation of Students Elections 2009." In Electronic Voting 2010 (EVOTE 2010). 4th International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 33–44. Lehner, Christoph. "Die Wahlen zur Österreichischen Hochschülerinnen-und Hochschülerschaft." 2010. Dissertation. Universität Wien. Menzel, Thomas. 2001. "E-Voting an österreichischen Hochschulen." In Auf dem Weg zur ePerson. Aktuelle Fragestellungen der Rechtsinformatik 2001, ed. Erich Schweighofer. Wien: Verlag Österreich, 281–91. Poier, Klaus. 2000. "E-Government und Online-Voting - die Cyberdemokratie als paradiesische Vision?" In 3. Fakultätstag der Rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultät, ed. Dietmar Pauger. Graz, 239–55. 1

Poier, Klaus. 2001. "Grundrechte und E-Voting." In Grundrechte in der Informationsgesellschaft, ed. Österreichische Juristenkommission. Wien: Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 102–18. Prosser, Alexander, Robert Kofler, and Robert Krimmer. 2003. "e-Voting.at ‐ Ein Implementierungsbericht." In Quo Vadis E-Government: State-of-the-art 2003, ed. Maria A. Wimmer. Wien: Österreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 469–80. Prosser, Alexander, Robert Kofler, and Robert Krimmer. 2003. "Deploying Electronic Democracy for Public Corporations." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2003). Second International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 234–9. Prosser, Alexander, Robert Kofler, Robert Krimmer, and Martin Karl Unger. "e-Voting.at. Entwicklung eines Internetbasierten Wahlsystems für öffentliche Wahlen." 2002. Arbeitspapier. Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Prosser, Alexander, Robert Kofler, Robert Krimmer, and Martin Karl Unger. "Die erste Internet-Wahl Österreichs: Ein Erfahrungsbericht von E-Voting.at. The first Internet-Election in Austria: The Findings by e-Voting.at." 2003. Arbeitspapier. Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Prosser, Alexander, Robert Kofler, Robert Krimmer, and Martin Karl Unger. "e-Voting Wahltest zur Bundespräsidentschaftswahl 2004." 2004. Arbeitspapier. Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Prosser, Alexander, Karl Schiessl, and Martin Fleischhacker. 2008. "E-Voting. Usability and Acceptance of Two-Stage Voting Procedures." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2008). 7th International Conference, EGOV 2008, Torino, Italy, August 31 - September 5, 2008. Proceedings, eds. Maria A. Wimmer, Jochen Scholl, and Enrico Ferro. Berlin, New York: Springer, 378–87. Rittler, Robert. "E-Voting in Österreich." 2003. Diplomarbeit. Universität Wien. Rittler, Robert. 2003. "Der zu vermutende Einfluss von E-Voting auf die Wahlbeteiligung und das Wahlergebnis bei österreichischen Nationalratswahlen." In E-Democracy: Technologie, Recht und Politik, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Wien: Oesterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 189–210. Rupp, C. 2004. "E-Democracy in E-Austria." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 17–20. Schweighofer, Erich, ed. 2001. Auf dem Weg zur ePerson. Aktuelle Fragestellungen der Rechtsinformatik 2001. Wien: Verlag Österreich. Stein, Robert and Gregor Wenda. 2005. "E-Voting in Österreich. Status Quo und Ausblick." SIAK-Journal – Zeitschrift für Polizeiwissenschaften und Polizeiliche Praxis 3:3–11.

2.1.

Official Reports

Bundesministerium für Inneres. 2004. Unterarbeitsgruppe 3 (Internationales) Endbericht;. Anhang zum Abschlussbericht zur Arbeitsgruppe "E-Voting". Bundesministerium für Inneres. Wien. Bundesministerium für Inneres. 2004. Unterarbeitsgruppe 1 (Legistische Belange) Endbericht. Anhang zum Abschlussbericht zur Arbeitsgruppe. Bundesministerium für Inneres. Wien. Bundesministerium für Inneres. 2004. Unterarbeitsgruppe 2 (Technische Belange) Endbericht. Anhang zum Abschlussbericht zur Arbeitsgruppe "E-Voting". Bundesministerium für Inneres. Wien. Bundesministerium für Inneres. 2004. Abschlussbericht zur Arbeitsgruppe "E-Voting". Bundesministerium für Inneres. Wien.

3.

Belgium

Delwit, Pascal, Jean-Benoit Pilet, and Erol Kulahei. 2007. "Electronic Voting in Belgium." In Encyclopedia of Digital Government, eds. Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, and Matti Mälkiä. 3 vols. Hershey [etc.]: Idea Group Reference, 670–9. Vegas González, Carlos. 2012. "The New Belgian E-voting System." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 199-211. 2

3.1.

Official Reports

Barrat i Esteve, Jordi. 2004. Compliance of the BeVoting Study with the Recommendation (2004) 11 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on Legal, Operational and Technical Standards for E-Voting. Strasbourg. BeVoting. 2007. "Study of Electronic Voting Systems. Part 1.“ http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/Elections/fr/presentation/bevoting-1_gb.pdf (December 13, 2013). BeVoting. 2007. "Study of Electronic Voting Systems. Part 2." http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/Elections2011/fr/presentation/bevoting-2_gb.pdf (May 14, 2014). OSCE/ODIHR. 2006. Expert Visit on New Voting Technologies for the 8 October 2006 Local Elections in the Kingdom of Belgium.

4.

Canada

Delvinia Interactive. 2007. Understanding the Digital Voter Experience. The Delvinia Report on Internet Voting in the 2006 Town of Markham Municipal Election. Toronto. Delvinia Interactive Inc. 2004. Internet Voting and Canadian E-Democracy in Practice. The Delvinia Report on Internet Voting in the 2003 Town of Markham Municipal Election. Toronto. Elections BC. 2011. Discussion Paper: Internet Voting. British Colombia. Goodman, Nicole. 2010. "The Experiences Of Canadian Municipalities with Internet Voting." CEU Political Science Journal 5 (04):492–520. Goodman, Nicole. 2011. eDemocracy and Citizen Engagement: The Delvinia Report on Internet Voting in Town of Markham. Delvinia Interactive Corp., Toronto. Goodman, Nicole. 2014. "Internet Voting in a Local Election in Canada." In The Internet and Democracy in Global Perspective. Voters, Candidates, Parties, and Social Movements, eds. Bernard Grofman, Alexander H. Trechsel, and Mark Franklin. Switzerland: Springer. Goodman, Nicole Janine, Jon H. Pammett, and Joan DeBardeleben. A Comparative Assessment of Electronic Voting. Prepared for Elections Canada by Canada-Europe Transatlantic Dialogue. 2010. Independent Panel on Internet Voting British Columbia. 2013. Preliminary Report - October 2013. Kamenova, Kalina and Nicole Goodman. 2013. "The Edmonton Citizens’ Jury on Internet Voting." Canadian parliamentary review 36:13–20. Obradovic, Goran, James Hoover, Nick Nikonomakism, and John Poulos. 2006. "Election Workflow Automation Canadian Experiences." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 131–42. Pammett, Jon H. and Nicole Goodman. 2013. Consultation and Evaluation Practices in the Implementation of Internet Voting in Canada and Europe. Elections Canada.

5.

Denmark

Pedersen, Karina and Jo Saglie. 2005. "New Technology in Ageing Parties. Internet Use in Danish and Norwegian Parties." Party Politics 11 (3):359–77. 3

6.

Estonia

Alvarez, Michael R., Thad E. Hall, and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2009. "Internet Voting in Comparative Perspective: The Case of Estonia." PS: Political Science and Politics 42 (3):497–505. Bochsler, Daniel. 2010. Can Internet Voting Increase Political Participation? Remote Electronic Voting and Turnout in the Estonian 2007 Parliamentary Elections. Prepared for Presentation at the Conference ‘Internet and Voting’, Fiesole. Drechsler, Wolfgang. 2006. The Estonian E-Voting Laws Discourse: Paradigmatic Benchmarking for Central and Eastern Europe: Citeseer. Drechsler, Wolfgang and Ülle Madise. 2004. "Electronic Voting in Estonia." In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 97–108. Heiberg, Sven, Peter Laud, and Jan Willemson. 2012. "The Application of I-Voting for Estonian Parliamentary Elections of 2011." In E-Voting and Identity (VoteID 2011). Third International Conference: Revised Selected Papers, eds. A. Kiayias, and H. Lipmaa. Heidelberg: Springer, 208–23. Maaten, Epp. 2004. "Towards Remote E-Voting: Estonian Case." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 83–90. Maaten, Epp and Thad Hall. 2008. "Improving the Transparency of Remote E-Voting: The Estonian Experience." In 3rd International Conference on Electronic Voting (EVote08), eds. Robert Krimmer, and Rüdiger Grimm. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 31-46. Madise, Ü. and P. Vinkel. 2011. "Constitutionality of Remote Internet Voting: The Estonian Perspective." Juridica International. Iuridicum Foundation 18:4–16. Madise, Ülle. 2008. "Legal and Political Aspects of the Internet Voting: Estonian Case." In E-Voting: The Last Electoral Revolution, ed. Josep M. Reniu. Barcelona: Institut de Ciencies Pollitiques i Socials. Madise, Ülle and Epp Maaten. 2010. "Internet Voting in Estonia." In E-Democracy: A Group Decision and Negotiation Perspective, eds. David Rios Insua, and Simon French. Dordrecht: Springer, 301–21. Madise, Ülle and Tarvi Martens. 2006. "E-Voting in Estonia 2005. The First Practice of Country-Wide Binding Internet Voting in the World." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 15–26. Vassil, Kristjan and Till Weber. 2011. "A Bottleneck Model of Internet Voting. Explaining the Limited Impact of Technology on Electoral Participation." New Media & Society 13 (8):1336–54.

6.1.

Official Reports

Breuer, Fabian and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2006. E-Voting in the 2005 Local Elections in Estonia. Report for the Council of Europe. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute. Florence. Madise, Ülle, Priit. Vinkel, and Epp Maaten. 2005. Internet Voting at the Elections of Local Government Councils on October 2005. http://www.vvk.ee/public/dok/report2006.pdf (Accessed January 30, 2014). OSCE/ODIHR. 2007. Republic of Estonia, Parliamentary Elections, 4 March 2007. OSCE/ODIHR Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2011. Estonia, Parliamentary Elections, 6 March 2011. OSCE/ODIHR Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw. Trechsel, Alexander H., Guido Schwerdt, Fabian Breuer, Michael R. Alvarez, and Thad Edward Hall. 2007. Internet Voting in the March 2007 Parliamentary Elections in Estonia. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute. Florence.

4

Trechsel, Alexander H. and Kristjan Vassil. 2010. Internet Voting in Estonia. A Comparative Analysis of Five Elections since 2005. Report for the Council of Europe. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute. Florence. Trechsel, Alexander H. and Kristjan Vassil. 2011. Internet Voting in Estonia. A Comparative Analysis of Five Elections since 2005. Report for the Estonian National Electoral Committee. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute. Florence. Vabariigi Valimiskomisjon. 2013. "Statistics about Internet Voting in Estonia." http://www.vvk.ee/voting-methods-inestonia/engindex/statistics (Accessed January 30, 2014).

7.

Europe

Beckert, Berndt. 2011. E-Voting in Europe: Why We Should Look at it, Which Arguments We Should Consider and What to Expect in the Future. A Background Paper for the Workshop on "E-Voting in Europe". Breuer, Fabian. 2006. E-Voting: Lessons Learnt and Future Challenges. Tallinn (Estonia), 27-28 October 2006, Conference Report. Council of Europe, Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, e-Governance Academy (Tallinn). Buchsbaum, Thomas M. 2004. "E-Voting: International Developments and Lessons Learnt." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 31–41. Chadwick, Andrew and Christopher May. 2003. "Interaction between States and Citizens in the Age of the Internet: “E-Government” in the United States, Britain and the European Union." Governance 16 (2):271–300. Delwit, Pascal, Jean-Benoit Pilet, and Erol Kulahei. 2007. "Stumbling Blocks of Electronic Voting Revealed by U.S. and European Experiences." In Encyclopedia of Digital Government, eds. Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, and Matti Mälkiä. 3 vols. Hershey [etc.]: Idea Group Reference, 1479–84. Gibson, Rachel. 2005. "Internet Voting and the European Parliament Elections: Problems and Prospects." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 29–59. Grönlund, Kimmo. 2004. "Cyber Citizens: Mapping Internet Access and Digital Divides in Western Europe." In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 20–38. Kies, Raphaël and Kriesi Hanspeter. 2005. "Internet Voting and Opinion Formation: The Potential Impact of a PreVoting Sphere." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 147–65. Kies, Raphaël, Fernando Mendez, Philippe C. Schmitter, and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2002. Evaluation of the Use of New Technologies in Order to Facilitate Democracy in Europe. Scientific and Technological Options Assessment Series. 116. Euopean Parliament. Luxembourg. Krimmer, Robert. 2008. "The Development of Remote Electronic Voting in Europe." In E-Voting: The Last Electoral Revolution, ed. Josep M. Reniu. Barcelona: Institut de Ciencies Pollitiques i Socials, 11–26. Kubicek, Herbert and Hilmar Westholm. 2005. "Scenarios for Future Use of E-Democracy Tools in Europe." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 1 (3):33–50. Kushchu, Ibrahim, and M. Halid Kuscu, eds. 2005. EURO mGOV 2005. The First European Mobile Government Conference. Brighton, UK: Mobile Government Consortium International LLC. Ladeur, Karl-Heinz. 2005. "E-Voting: A New Political Institution for the Network Society? New Life for an Old Democratic Procedure." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 202–22. Magkos, E., P. Kotzanikolaou, and C. Douligeris. 2007. "Towards Secure Online Elections. Models, Primitives and Open Issues." Electronic Government: An International Journal 4 (3):249–68.

5

McGaley, Margaret and Joe McCarthy. 2004. "Transparency and E-Voting: Democratic vs. Commercial Interests." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 153–64. Mendez, Fernando and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2004. The European Union and E-Voting (Electronic Voting). London: Taylor & Francis. Mendez, Fernando and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2005. "The European Union and E-Voting Upgrading Euro-Elections." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge. Monnoyer-Smith, Laurence and Eric Maigret. 2002. "Electronic Vote and Internet Campaining. State of the Art in Europe and Remaining Questions." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2002). First International Conference, eds. Roland. Traunmüller, and Klaus Lenk. Berlin, New York: Springer, 280–3. O'Donnell, David, ed. 2010. 10th European Conference on eGovernment (ECEG 2010). Reading: Academic Publ. Limited. Oxford Internet Institute, ed. 2004. A New Agenda for E-Democracy. Position Papers for an OII Symposium. Oxford. Pammett, Jon H. and Nicole Goodman. 2013. Consultation and Evaluation Practices in the Implementation of Internet Voting in Canada and Europe. Elections Canada. Prandini, Marco and Marco Ramilli. 2011. "Taking the Best of Both Worlds: A Comparison and Integration of the U.S. and EU Approaches to E-Voting Systems Evaluation." In Proceedings of the 44th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, ed. Ralph H. Sprague. Los Alamitos, Calif: IEEE Computer Society Press. Pratchett, Lawrence, Melvin Wingfield, Ben N. Fairweather, and Simon Rogerson. 2005. "Balancing Security and Simplicity in E-Voting: Towards an Effective Compromise?" In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 166–84. Prosser, Alexander, and Robert Krimmer, eds. 2004. Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik. Prosser, Alexander and Robert Krimmer. 2004. "The Dimensions of Electronic Voting." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 21–8. Remenyi, Dan, ed. 2009. 9th European Conference on E-Government (ECEG 2009). Dublin: ECEG. Remmert, Michael. 2004. "Towards European Standards on Electronic Voting." In Electronic Voting in Europe Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 13–6. Schmitt, Hermann. 2005. "Second-Order Elections to the European Parliament: Is E-Voting the Solution?" In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 91–107. Schmitter, Philippe C. 2005. "E-Voting, E-Democracy and EU-Democracy: A Thought Experiment." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 187–201. Svensson, Jörgen and Ronald Leenes. 2003. "E-Voting in Europe: Divergent Democratic Practice." Information Polity 8 (1):3–15. Tambouris, Efthimios. 2002. "An Integrated Platform for Tele-Voting and Tele-Consulting within and across European Cities. The EURO-CITI Project." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2002). First International Conference, eds. Roland. Traunmüller, and Klaus Lenk. Berlin, New York: Springer, 350–7. Tambouris, Efthimios and Stelios Gorilas. 2003. "Evaluation of an E-Democracy Platform for European Cities." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2003). Second International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 43–8. Trechsel, Alexander H. and Fernando Mendez. 2005. The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge. London: Routledge.

6

7.1.

Official Reports

Beckert, Berndt. 2011. E-Public, E-Participation and E-Voting in Europe - Prospects and Challenges. Final Report. Brussels. Caarls, Susanne. 2010. E-Voting Handbook: Key Steps in the Implementation of E-Enabled Elections: Council of Europe. Council of Europe. 2004. Legal, Operational and Technical Standards for E-Voting. Council of Europe Publishing. Council of Europe. 2011. Guidelines on Transparency of E-Enabled Elections. Directorate General of Democracy and Political Affairs. Council of Europe. 2011. Guidelines on Transparency of E-Enabled Elections. Directorate General of Democracy and Political Affairs. Grabenwarter, Christoph. 2004. Report on the Compatibility of Remote Voting and Electronic Voting with the Standards of the Council of Europe. Council of Europe. Strasbourg.

8.

France

Allain, Luc. "Vote Internet - Les taux de participation par circonscription." http://www.lepetitjournal.com/expatpolitique/2012/109551--vote-internet-les-taux-de-participation-par-circonscription.html (Accessed May 16, 2014). Fernández, Rosa and Esther González. 2008. "First Steps in the Regulation of Internet Voting in French Electoral Legislation." In E-Voting: The Last Electoral Revolution, ed. Josep M. Reniu. Barcelona: Institut de Ciencies Pollitiques i Socials, 120–32. Forum des droits sur l’internet. 2003. Recommendation: Quel avenir pour le vote électronique en France? Gonié, J. 2003. "Le vote électronique: simple Gadget ou nouvelle modalité de vote?" Revue du droit public et de la science politique en France et à l’etranger 119 (6):1525–8. Le Monde.fr. "Ratés techniques pour le vote par Internet des Français de l'étranger." http://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2012/05/25/rates-techniques-pour-le-vote-par-internet-des-francaisde-l-etranger_1706981_823448.html (Accessed January 21, 2014). Monnoyer-Smith, Laurence. 2006. "How E-Voting Technology Challenges Traditional Concepts of Citizenship: An Analysis of French Voting Rituals." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 61–8. Pinault, Tiphaine and Pascal Courtade. 2012. "E-Voting at Expatriates’ MPs Elections in France." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 189–95.

9.

Germany

Bräunlich, Katharina, Rüdiger Grimm, Philipp Richter, and Alexander Roßnagel. 2013. Sichere Internetwahlen: Ein rechtswissenschaftlich-informatisches Modell. Baden-Baden: Nomos. Bremke, Nils. 2004. "Internetwahlen." Zeitschrift für Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung 2004:102–9. Diehl, Klaus and Sonja Weddeling. 2006. "Online Voting Project - New Developments in the Voting System and Consequently Implemented Improvement in the Representation of Legal Principles." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 213–22. Forschungsgruppe Internetwahlen. 1999. Erster Zwischenbericht zum Projekt „Strategische Initiative: Wahlen im Internet“ nach Abschluss der Sozialwahl. Osnabrück. Forschungsgruppe Internetwahlen. 2000. Zweiter Zwischenbericht zum Projekt „Strategische Initiative: Wahlen im Internet“ nach Abschluss der Wahlen zum Studierendenparlament der Universität Osnabrück. Osnabrück. 7

Grimm, Rüdiger, Robert Krimmer, Nils Meißner, Kai Reinhard, Melanie Volkamer, Marcel Weinard, and Jörg Helbach. 2006. "Security Requirements for Non-Political Internet Voting." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 203–12. Karger, Pia. 2003. "Online Voting – Not Only a Technical Challenge." In Towards the Knowledge Society. E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government : The Second IFIP Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, E-Government (I3E 2002) October 7 - 9, Lisbon, Portugal, eds. João L. Monteiro, Paula M.C. Swatman, and L. Valadares Tavares. Boston, Mass. [u.a.]: Kluwer, 3–13. Karger, Pia. 2004. "Voting in Germany: Political Elections Online, Utopia or the Future?" In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Karger, Pia and Oliver Rüss. 2003. "Sicherheit ist conditio sine qua non - erfahrungsgeleiteter Ansatz für OnlineWahlen in Deutschland." In Zwischen Rechtstheorie und E-Government. Aktuelle Fragen der Rechtsinformatik 2003, eds. Erich Schweighofer, Thomas Menzel, Günther Kreuzbauer, and Doris Liebwald. Wien: Verlag Österreich, 255–62. Karpen, Ulrich. 2005. Elektronische Wahlen?: Einige verfassungsrechtliche Fragen. Baden-Baden: Nomos. Kersting, Norbert. 2003. "Internet-Wahlen im Vergleich - USA, Schweiz und Deutschland." In Kursbuch Internet und Politik 2003, eds. Alexander Siedschlag, and Alexander Bilgeri. Wiesbaden: Springer, 73–89. Khorrami, E. 2006. Bundestagswahlen per Internet: Zur rechtlichen und tatsächlichen Realisierbarkeit von Internetwahlen. Baden-Baden: Nomos. Kripp, Manuel J. 2011. Onlinewahlen bei Hauptversammlungen. Möglichkeiten des Einsatzes von Internet-Voting bei Hauptversammlungen deutscher Aktiengesellschaften auftgrund des Gesetzes zu Umsetzung der Aktionärsrichtlinie (ARUG). Kubicek, Herbert and Martin Wind. 2001. "Wie "modernisiere" ich Wahlen? Der lange Weg vom Pilotprojekt zum Online Voting bei einer Bundestagswahl." In Internet und Demokratie: The State of Online Politics, ed. Peter Filzmaier. Innsbruck: Studienverlag, 107–29. Kubicek, Herbert and Martin Wind. 2001. "Elektronisch wählen. Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten von OnlineWahlen zum Studierendenparlament und zum Bundestag." Verwaltung und Management 7 (3):132–41. Kubicek, Herbert and Martin Wind. 2002. "Bundestagswahl per Computer?" In Online-Wahlen, eds. Harald Neymanns, and Hubertus Buchstein. Opladen: Leske+Budrich, 91–112. Otten, Dieter. 2001. "Wählen wie im Schlaraffenland? Erfahrungen der Forschungsgruppe Internetwahlen mit dem Internet als Wahlmedium." In Elektronische Demokratie; Bürgerbeteiligung per Internet zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis, eds. Bernd Holznagel, Andreas Grünwald, and Anika Hanssmann. München: Beck, 73–85. Otten, Dieter and Jürgen Küntzler. 2003. "Über die Herstellung von Anonymität bei elektronischen Wahlen." DuD‐Datenschutz Datensicherheit 27:1–4. Paulsen, Christian. 2011. Sicherheit von Internetwahlen. Eine Analyse von Internetwahlverfahren unter st Berücksichtigung des Anwendungsbereiches. 1 ed. Norderstedt: Books on Demand. Philippsen, Michael. 2002. "Internetwahlen: Demokratische Wahlen über das Internet?" Informatik Spektrum 25 (2):138–50. Richter, Philipp. 2012. Wahlen im Internet rechtsgemäß gestalten. Baden-Baden: Nomos. Rüß, Oliver. 2002. "Rechtliche Voraussetzungen und Grenzen von Online-Wahlen." In Online-Wahlen, eds. Harald Neymanns, and Hubertus Buchstein. Opladen: Leske+Budrich, 39–50. Rüß, Oliver René. 2000. "Wahlen im Internet. Wahlrechtsgrundsätze und Einsatz von digitalen Signaturen." MultiMedia und Recht 3 (2):73–6. Schmidt, Axel, Dennis Heinson, Lucie Langer, Zoi Opitz-Talidou, Philipp Richter, Melanie Volkamer, and Johannes Buchmann. 2009. "Developing a Legal Framework for Remote Electronic Voting." In E-Voting and Identity (VOTEst ID 2009). Second International Conference, eds. Peter Ryan, and Berry Schoenmakers. 1 ed. Berlin, New York: Springer, 92–105. Volkamer, Melanie and Robert Krimmer. 2006. "Die Online-Wahl auf dem Weg zum Durchbruch." Informatik Spektrum 29 (2):98–113. 8

Will, Martin. 2002. Internetwahlen. Verfassungsrechtliche Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. Stuttgart: R. Boorberg.

10.

Italy

Battisti Daniela. 2004. "The Italian Way to E-Democracy." In A New Agenda for E-Democracy. Position Papers for an OII Symposium, ed. Oxford Internet Institute. Oxford, 3–7. Bryl, Volha, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Roberta Ferrario, Andrea Mattioli, and Adolfo Villafiorita. 2007. "Evaluating Procedural Alternatives. A Case Study in E-Voting." In Proceedings of MeTTeG 2007, 1st International Conference on Methodologies, Technologies and Tools enabling e-Government, eds. Flavio Corradini, and Alberto Polzonetti: Halley Editrice, 125–38. Bryl, Volha, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Roberta Ferrario, Andrea Mattioli, and Adolfo Villafiorita. 2009. "Evaluating Procedural Alternatives. A Case Study in E-Voting." Electronic Government, an International Journal 6 (2):213–31. Caporusso, Letizia. 2008. "There is More to E- than Meets the Eye : Towards Automated Voting in Italy." In E-Voting: The Last Electoral Revolution, ed. Josep M. Reniu. Barcelona: Institut de Ciencies Pollitiques i Socials. Caporusso, Letizia. 2012. "The Role of Trust, Participation and Identity in the Propensity to E- and I-Vote." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 55–68. Caporusso, Letizia, Carlo Buzzi, Giolo Fele, Pierangelo Peri, and Francesca Sartori. 2008. "Transition to Electronic Voting and Citizen Participation." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 191–200.

11.

Netherlands

Aarts, Kees and van der Kolk, Henk. 2007. "The Parliamentary Election in the Netherlands, 22 November 2006." Electoral Studies 26 (4):832–7. Boogers, Marcel and Gerrit Voerman. 2003. "Surfing citizens and floating voters. Results of an Online Survey of Visitors to Political Web Sites during the Dutch 2002 General Elections." Information Polity: The International Journal of Government & Democracy in the Information Age 8 (1/2):17–27. Gonggrijp, Rop, Willem-Jan Hengeveld, Eelco Hotting, Sebastian Schmidt, and Frederik Weidemann. 2009. "RIES Rijnland Internet Election System. A Cursory Study of Published Source Code." In E-Voting and Identity (VOTE-ID st 2009). Second International Conference, eds. Peter Ryan, and Berry Schoenmakers. 1 ed. Berlin, New York: Springer, 157–71. Hubbers, Engelbert, Bart Jacobs, and Wolter Pieters. 2005. "RIES: Internet Voting in Action." In Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference, ed. IEEE. Edinburgh: IEEE Computer Society. Leyenaar, Monique. "Electronic Voting: A Case Study from the Netherlands. OSCE Chairmanship Seminar on Present State and Prospect of Application of Electronic Voting in the OSCE participating States Vienna, 16‐17 September 2010." http://www.osce.org/cio/71355 (May 16, 2014). Loeber, Leontine. 2008. "E-Voting in the Netherlands: From General Acceptance to General Doubt in Two Years." In 3rd International Conference on Electronic Voting (EVote08), eds. Robert Krimmer, and Rüdiger Grimm. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 21–30. Pieters, Wolter. 2009. "Combatting Electoral Traces. The Dutch Tempest Discussion and Beyond." In E-Voting and st Identity (VOTE-ID 2009). Second International Conference, eds. Peter Ryan, and Berry Schoenmakers. 1 ed. Berlin, New York: Springer, 172–90. Pieters, Wolter and Robert van Haren. 2007. "Temptations of Turnout and Modernisation: E-Voting Discourses in the UK and The Netherlands." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 5 (4):276–92. 9

11.1.

Official Reports

OSCE/ODIHR. 2007. The Netherlands Parliamentary Elections 22 November 2006. OSCE/ODIHR Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2010. The Netherlands: Early Parliamentary Elections 9 June 2010. Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw.

12.

Norway

Baldersheim, Harald, Jo Saglie, and Signe Bock Segaard. 2013. Internet Voting in Norway 2011: Democratic and Organisational Experiences. Draft for the 4th International Conference on Democracy as Idea and Practice. Oslo. Barrat i Esteve, Jordi, Michel Chevallier, Ben Goldsmith, David Jandura, John Turner, and Rakesh Sharma. 2012. "Internet Voting and Individual Verifiability. The Norwegian Return Codes." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 35–45. Barrat i Esteve, Jordi and Ben Goldsmith. 2012. Speed and Efficiency of the Vote Counting Process. Norwegian E-Vote Project. International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Barrat i Esteve, Jordi and Ben Goldsmith. 2012. Compliance with International Standards. Norwegian E-Vote Project. International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Barrat i Esteve, Jordi, Ben Goldsmith, and John Turner. 2012. International Experience with E-Voting. Norwegian EVote Project. International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Bergh, Johannes and Dag Arne Christensen. 2012. "Valgdeltakelse og bruk av internettstemmegivning. Har hvordan velgerne stemmer betydning for om de stemmer?" In Evaluering av forsøket med e-valg 2011. Oslo, 29–157. Bock Segaard, Signe, Harald Baldersheim, and Jo Saglie. 2013. "The Norwegian Trial with Internet Voting: Results and Challenges." Revista General de Derecho Público Comparado 13. Bock Segaard, Signe and Jo Saglie. 2012. Evaluering av forsøket med e-valg 2011. Institute for Social Research. Oslo. Fuglerud, Kristin Skeide and Ingvar Tjøstheim. 2012. "E-valg, tilgjengelighet og personer med nedsatt funksjonsevne." In Evaluering av forsøket med e-valg 2011. Oslo, 85–157. Institute for Social Research. 2011. Research and Evaluation of the E-Vote 2011 Project. Oslo. Jordi, Puigalli and Sandra Guasch. 2012. "Cast-as-Intended Verification in Norway." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 49–63. Pedersen, Karina and Jo Saglie. 2005. "New Technology in Ageing Parties. Internet Use in Danish and Norwegian Parties." Party Politics 11 (3):359–77. Saglie, Jo and Signy Irene Vabo. 2009. "Size and E-Democracy: Online Participation in Norwegian Local Politics." Scandinavian Political Studies 32 (4):382–401. Skagestein, Gerhard, Are Vegard Haug, Einar Nodtvedt, and Judith Rossebo. 2008. "How to Create Trust in Electronic Voting over an Untrusted Platform." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 107–16. Skagestein, Gerhard, Are Vegard Haug, Einar Nødtvedt, and Judith Rossebø. 2006. "Gerhard Skagestein, Are Vegard Haug, Einar Nødtvedt, Judith Rossebø." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 107–16. Stenerud, Ida Sofie Gebhardt and Christian Bull. 2012. "When Reality Comes Knocking. Norwegian Experiences with Verifiable Electronic Voting." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 21–33.

10

12.1.

Official Reports

OSCE/ODIHR. 2012. Norway: Internet Voting Pilot Project Local Government Elections 12 September 2011. Election Expert Team Report. Warsaw. The Norwegian Ministry of Local Government. 2004. Electronic Voting – Challenges and Opportunities. Oslo.

13.

Poland

Banaszak, Bogusaw and Katarzyna Rodziewicz. 2004. "Trust and Security. Digital Citizen Cards in Poland." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2004). Third International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, New York: Springer, 342–6.

14.

Portugal

Falcão e Cunha, J., M. Jorge Leitão, J. Pascoal Faria, A. Pimenta Monteiro, and M. Antónia Carravilla. 2006. "A Methodology for Auditing E-Voting Processes and Systems Used at the Elections for the Portuguese Parliament." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 145–54. Falcão e Cunha, J., M. Jorge Leitão, J. Pascoal Faria, A. Pimenta Monteiro, and M. Antónia Carravilla. 2008. "Auditing E-Voting Pilot Processes and Systems at the Elections for the European Parliament and for the Portuguese Parliament." In E-Voting: The Last Electoral Revolution, ed. Josep M. Reniu. Barcelona: Institut de Ciencies Pollitiques i Socials.

15.

Slovenia

Jukic, Tina and Mirko Vintar. 2008. "E-Voting in Slovenia. The View of Parliamentary Deputies." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 225–36.

16.

Spain

Fernández, Rosa M., Esther González, and José Manuel Vera. 2006. "The Electoral Legislation of the Basque Autonomous Community Regarding Electronic Vote." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 71–83. Gibert i Font, Gemma. 2009. "E-Youth City Council Project: An Alternative E-Government for Young People. Case Study." Electronic Journal of e-Government 7 (4):359–70. Gomez, Ana, Sergio Sanchez Garcia, and Emilia Perez. 2006. "Contributions to Traditional Electronic Voting Systems in Order to Reinforce Citizen Confidence." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 39–49. Reniu, Josep M. 2011. "(Very) Few Certainties concerning the Establishment of E-Voting." Revista de Administración Pública XLVI (3):131–48. Reniu, Josep M. and Barrat i Esteve, Jordi. "Legal and Social Issues in Electronic Voting. Report on the Catalan Essays during the Elections of November 2003." In E-Government and E-Democracy: Progress and Challenges, eds. Julian Padget, Ricardo Neira, and Díaz de León, Juan Luis. Mexico: Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 129–37.

11

Riera, Andreu and Gerald Cervelló. 2004. "Experimentation on Secure Internet Voting in Spain." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 91–100.

17.

Switzerland

Arbiol, Francesc and Gerard Cervell. 2006. "The Paradigmatic Case of Electronic Voting in Switzerland: The Case of Neuchâtel." In Exploiting the Knowledge Economy. Issues, Applications and Case Studies, eds. Paul Cunningham, and Miriam Cunningham. Amsterdam, Washington, DC: IOS Press, 613–8. Auer, Andreas. 2002. "Problèmes constitutionnels du e-voting." In Nationale und internationale Bezüge des ECommerce. Tagung 2001 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Thomas Koller, and Andreas Auer: Bern: Stämpfli, 245–53. Auer, Andreas and Nicolas von Arx. 2002. "La légitimité des procédures de vote: Les défis du e-voting." Aktuelle juristische Praxis AJP 5:491–9. Auer, Andreas, and Alexander H. Trechsel, eds. 2001. Voter par internet? Le projet e-voting dans le canton de Genève dans une perspective socio-politique et juridique. Bâle, Genève, Munich: Helbing & Lichtenhahn. Beroggi, Giampiero E. G. 2008. "It's Time to Move on." Computer 41 (2):52–6. Borbély, Cornel. 2005. Der Grundsatz der geheimen Abstimmung: Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des E-Voting. Zürich: Stämpfli. Brändli, Daniel and Nadja Braun. 2003. "Vote électronique - Abstimmen und Wählen per Mausklick." LeGes 1:125– 35. Braun, Nadja. "E-Voting. Elektronische Ausübung der politischen Rechte." 2000. Lizentiatsarbeit. Universität Bern. Braun, Nadja. 2003. "Rechtliche Aspekte des E-Voting in der Schweiz." In E-Democracy: Technologie, Recht und Politik, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Wien: Oesterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 109–19. Braun, Nadja. 2003. "E-Voting in der Schweiz." In Zwischen Rechtstheorie und E-Government. Aktuelle Fragen der Rechtsinformatik 2003, eds. Erich Schweighofer, Thomas Menzel, Günther Kreuzbauer, and Doris Liebwald. Wien: Verlag Österreich, 263–70. Braun, Nadja. 2004. "E-Voting für Auslandschweizer." In Informationstechnik in der juristischen Realität. Aktuelle Fragen der Rechtsinformatik 2004, eds. Erich Schweighofer, Doris Liebwald, Günther Kreuzbauer, and Thomas Menzel. Wien: Verlag Österreich, 229–34. Braun, Nadja. 2004. "E-Voting: Switzerland’s Projects and Their Legal Framework - in a European Context." In Electronic Voting in Europe - Technology, Law, Politics and Society, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 43–52. Braun, Nadja. 2004. "Schweizerische Erfahrungen mit brieflicher Stimmabgabe und E-Voting." Journal für Rechtspolitik 12 (2):96–106. Braun, Nadja. 2006. Stimmgeheimnis: Eine rechtsvergleichende und rechtshistorische Untersuchung unter Einbezug des geltenden Rechts. Bern: Stämpfli. Braun, Nadja and Daniel Brändli. 2006. "Swiss E-Voting Pilot Projects: Evaluation, Situation Analysis and How to Proceed." In Electronic Voting 2006. 2nd International Workshop, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 27–36. Braun, Nadja, Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. 2003. "Öffentlichen Wahlen im Internet: Ein Vergleich zwischen der Schweiz und Österreich." In Quo Vadis E-Government: State-of-the-art 2003, ed. Maria A. Wimmer. Wien: Österreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 455–68. Brücher, Heide. 2003. "E-Voting in der Schweiz: Auswirkungen der Sicherheit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit auf die Akzeptanz elektronischer Wahl- und Abstimmungsverfahren." In E-Democracy: Technologie, Recht und Politik, eds. Alexander Prosser, and Robert Krimmer. Wien: Oesterreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 121–31.

12

Chappelet, Jean-Loup and Pierre Kilchenmann. 2005. "Interactive Tools for E-Democracy. Examples from Switzerland." In E-Government: Towards Electronic Democracy, eds. Michael Böhlen, Johann Gamper, Wolfgang Polasek, and Maria A. Wimmer. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer, 36–47. Chevallier, Michel. 2009. "Internet Voting, Turnout and Deliberation: A Study." Electronic Journal of e-Government 7 (1):29–44. Chevallier, Michel, Michel Warynski, and Alain Sandoz. 2006. "Success Factors of Geneva's E-Voting System." Electronic Journal of e-Government 4 (2):55–62. Driza-Maurer, Ardita. 2013. "Internet Voting and Federalism: The Swiss Case." Revista General de Derecho Público Comparado 13:1–33. Driza-Maurer, Ardita, Oliver Spycher, Geo Taglioni, and Anina Weber. 2012. "E-Voting for Swiss Abroad: A Joint Project between the Confederation and the Cantons." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 173–87. Dubuis, Eric, Stephan Fischli, Rolf Haenni, Uwe Serdült, and Oliver Spycher. 2011. "Selectio Helvetica: A Verifiable Internet Voting System." In CeDEM11. Proceedings of the International Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government, eds. Peter Parycek, Manuel J. Kripp, and Noella Edelmann. Krems: Edition Donau-Universität Krems, 301–12. Dubuis, Eric, Rolf Haenni, and Reto Koenig. 2012. Konzept und Implikationen eines verifizierbaren Vote Électronique Systems. Departement Technik und Informatik, Berner Fachhochschule. Bern. Flueckiger, Alexandre. 2003. "Voter, élire et signer par Internet. Le droit expérimental à l’épreuve de la sécurité." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 107–70. Galev, Dejan. "Eine Analyse von Entscheidungsfaktoren und -strukturen zur Umsetzung des Pilotprojekts E-Voting im Kanton Zürich." 2010. Lizentiatsarbeit. Universität Zürich. Gasser, Urs and Jan Gerlach. 2011. "Electronic Voting: Approaches, Strategies, and Policy Issues - A Report from Switzerland." In Innovating Government. Normative, Policy and Technological Dimensions of Modern Government, eds. van der Hof, Simone, and Marga M. Groothuis. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 101–28. Gasser, Urs, and Trechsel, Alexander H. "Switzerland & the Future of Elections." http://hir.harvard.edu/the-future-ofdemocracy/casting-votes-on-the-internet?page=0,0 (Accessed January 21, 2014). Gerlach, Jan and Urs Gasser. 2009. Three Case Studies from Switzerland: E-Voting. Internet & Democracy Case Study Series. Berkman Center Research Publication. Geser, Hans. 2002. Sociology in Switzerland: Towards Cybersociety and Vireal Social Relations. Online Publikationen des Soziologischen Instituts der Universität Zürich. Soziologisches Institut, Universität Zürich. Zurich. Geser, Hans. 2002. "E-Voting Projects in Switzerland." In Sociology in Switzerland: Towards Cybersociety and Vireal Social Relations. Zurich. Geser, Hans. 2004. "Electronic Voting in Switzerland." In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 75–96. Glassey, Olivier and Jean-Loup Chappelet. 2003. "From E-Government to E-Governance: A Survey of the Federal and Cantonal E-Policies in Switzerland." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2003). Second International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 25–30. Grubenmann, Reto. 2000. E-Voting als Chance für E-Democracy. KPMG Switzerland. Zurich. Hottelier, Michel. 2003. "E-voting et légalité." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 57–83. Kersting, Norbert. 2003. "Internet-Wahlen im Vergleich - USA, Schweiz und Deutschland." In Kursbuch Internet und Politik 2003, eds. Alexander Siedschlag, and Alexander Bilgeri. Wiesbaden: Springer, 73–89. Kley, Andreas and Bernhard Rütsche. 2002. "eVoting aus Sicht der Wahl- und Abstimmungsfreiheit – Verfassungsrechtliche Bedeutung einer neuen Technik." In Nationale und internationale Bezüge des E-Commerce, Auswirkungen von E-Democracy auf den Rechtsstaat, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 255–78. Linder, Wolf. 2003. "E-Voting – eine Belebung der direkten Demokratie?" LeGes 1:103–24. 13

Longchamp, Claude. 2000. E-Government und E-Voting zwischen Optimismus und Pessimismus-Zu den Auswirkungen der Nutzung neuer Informations-und Kommunikationstechnologien auf die (schweizerische) Politik. Referat vom 15. Juni 2000. Manuskript GfS-Forschungsinstitut Bern.

Lüchinger, Simon, Myra Rosinger, and Alois Stutzer. 2007. "The Impact of Postal Voting on Participation: Evidence from Switzerland." Swiss Political Science Review 13 (2):167–202. Lutz, Georg. 2012. Eidgenössische Wahlen 2011. Wahlteilnahme und Wahlentscheid. Selects-FORS. Lausanne. Mendez, Fernando and Uwe Serdült. 2014. "From Initial Idea to Piecemeal Implementation: Switzerland's First Decade of Internet Voting Reviewed." In Design, Development, and Use of Secure Electronic Voting Systems, eds. Dimitrios Zissis, and Dimitrios Lekkas. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. Müller, Peter. 2001. "eVoting in der Praxis." In eGovernment: Eine Standortbestimmung, eds. Michael Gisler, and Dieter M. Spahni. Bern-Stuttgart, Wien: Haupt-Verlag, 261–72. Muralt Müller, Hanna. 2002. "Guichet virtuel und E-Voting ‐ Gemeinschaftswerke von Bund, Kantonen und Gemeinden." In Nationale und internationale Bezüge des E-Commerce, Auswirkungen von E-Democracy auf den Rechtsstaat, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 11–28. Muralt Müller, Hanna, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller, eds. 2003. E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht. Bern: Stämpfli. Muralt Müller, Hanna, Thomas Koller, and Andreas Auer, eds. 2002. Nationale und internationale Bezüge des ECommerce. Tagung 2001 für Informatik und Recht. Bern: Stämpfli. Niedermann, Dieter. 2001. E-Voting. Staatspolitisch-praktische Aspekte aus kantonaler und Gemeindesicht. Arbeitspapier vom 27. Juni 2001 zuhanden der Bundeskanzlei Pfleghart, M. "E-Voting im Kanton Zürich aus der Perspektive junger BürgerInnen." 2003. Lizentiatsarbeit. Universität Zürich. Poupa, Christine. 2002. "E-Government in Switzerland. Priorities for 2001-2005: Electronic Voting and Federal Portal." In Electronic Government: Design, Applications, and Management, ed. Åke Grönlund. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing, 356–69. Probst, Thomas. 2003. "Das Stimmregister als Grundlage der elektronischen Ausübung des Stimm- und Wahlrechts (E-Voting)." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 199–217. Qvortrup, Matt, ed. 2014. Referendums Around the World. The Continued Growth of Direct Democracy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Reber, Jean-Marie. 2003. "Vote électronique: Le projet neuchâtelois." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 43–8. Rütsche, Bernhard. 2008. Elektronische Wahlhilfen in der Demokratie. Beurteilung im Lichte der Wahl- und Abstimmungsfreiheit, Spannungsverhältnis zu den politischen Parteien, Fragen staatlicher Regulierung. Basel: Helbing Lichtenhahn. Serdült, Uwe. 2010. "Internet Voting for the Swiss Abroad of Geneva: First Online Survey Results." In Electronic Government and Electronic Participation: Joint Proceedings of Ongoing Research and Projects of IFIP EGOV and ePart 2010, ed. Jean-Loup Chappelet. Linz: Trauner Verlag, 319–25. Sorg-Keller, Susanne. 2003. "Pilotprojekt E-Voting im Kanton Zürich." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 49–55. Suter, Beat. "E-Democracy jenseits von E-Voting: Demokratische Option oder Schimäre?". 2005. Universität Zürich. Swiss Foundation for Research in Social Science. 2012. Swiss Electoral Studies (Selects) 2011: Swiss Abroad. Befragung der Wählerinnen und Wähler nach den Wahlen - 2011. Université de Lausanne. Thurnherr, Walter and Patricia Messerli. 2002. "Auslandschweizerpolitik des Bundes nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg." In Die Auslandschweizer im 20. Jahrhundert, ed. Schweizerisches Bundesarchiv. Bern: Haupt, 65–86. Trechsel, Alexander H. 2007. "E-Voting and Electoral Participation." In Dynamics of Referendum Campaigns‐An International Perspective, ed. de Vreese, Clase H. London: Palgrave, 159–83.

14

Warynski, Michel. 2003. "E-voting - La sécurité dans la perspective des collectivités publiques." In E-Voting. Tagung 2002 für Informatik und Recht, eds. Hanna Muralt Müller, Andreas Auer, and Thomas Koller. Bern: Stämpfli, 219– 34.

17.1.

Official Reports

Beroggi, G., P. Moser, D. Bierer, and Zürich Statistisches Amt. 2011. Evaluation der E-Voting Testphase im Kanton Zürich 2008-2011. Kanton Zürich, Direktion der Justiz und des Innern, Statistisches Amt. Zürich. Bieber, Christoph. 2001. E-Voting und Interaktivität: Zur Rahmung elektronischer Wahlprozesse. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen. Bundeskanzlei. 2004. Der Vote électronique in der Pilotphase. Zwischenbericht. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Synoptische Darstellung der Pilotversuche in den Jahren 2003 bis 2004, Stand 05.05.2006. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Ergänzende Dokumentation zum Bericht über die Pilotprojekte zu Vote éléctronique. Canton de Neuchâtel, Enquête de satisfaction, scrutin du 25 septembre 2005, novembre 2005. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Bericht über die Pilotprojekte zum Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Rechtliche Grundlagen für Vote électronique in den Kantonen, Stand: 05.05.2006. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Ergänzende Dokumentation zum Bericht über die Pilotprojekte zu Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2006. Beurteilung der kantonalen Systeme anhand der in Artikel 27a-q VPR festgelegten gesetzlichen Mindestanforderungen an Pilotprojekte mit Vote électronique, Stand: 05.05.2006. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Info Vote électronique Winter 2011. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Vote électronique: Meilensteine. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Vote électronique - Ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt vom Bund und den Kantonen. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Info Vote électronique Sonderausgabe Wahlen 11. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Info Vote électronique Herbst 2011. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Info Vote électronique Frühjahr 2012. Bundeskanzlei. 2011. Strategische Planung Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2012. Info Vote électronique Herbst 2012. Bundeskanzlei. 2012. Info Vote électronique Sommer 2012. Bundeskanzlei. 2012. Verordnung über die politischen Rechte. Bundeskanzlei. 2012. Info Vote électronique Winter 2012. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Bericht des Bundesrates zu Vote électronique. Auswertung der Einführung von Vote électronique (2006-2012) und Grundlagen zur Weiterentwicklung. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Info Vote électronique Frühjahr 2013. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Bericht des Bundesrates zu Vote électronique. Management Summary. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Ergänzende Dokumentation zum dritten Bericht des Bundesrates zu Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Info Vote électronique Sommer 2013. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Ergänzende Dokumentation zum dritten Bericht des Bundesrates zu Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Leitfaden zur Umsetzung des Öffentlichkeitsprinzips bei Vote électronique. Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Strategische Planung Vote électronique – "Roadmap plus" (2013-2018). Bundeskanzlei. 2013. Info Vote électronique Herbst 2013. Bundesrat. 2002. Chancen, Risiken und Machbarkeit elektronischen Ausübung politischer Rechte vom 09. Januar 2002. Bundesrat. Chresta, P. 2009. Feedback zur e-Voting Abstimmung vom 29. November 2009. Universität Basel. Basel. Christin, Thomas and Raphaël Müller. 2002. Analyse quantitative du test Alpha Ter: Evaluation par questionnaire du système de vote par Internet. Université de Genève. Genève. 15

Christin, Thomas and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2004. Qui vote par Internet ? - Une approche scientifique des scrutins de Carouge et Meyrin. Chancellerie d’Etat. Genève. Christin, Thomas, and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2005. Analyse du scrutin du 26 septembre 2004 dans quatre communes genevoises (Anières, Carouge, Cologny et Meyrin). E-Democracy Center, Université de Genève. État de Genève. 2011. Enquête d’impact AeL. E-Voting. Analyse des résultats et recommandations. Centre des technologies de l’information, Programme de l’administration en ligne. Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. 2012. Statistics on the Swiss Abroad, 2012. Hensler, Robert. 2001. Cyberadministration: La vision du canton de Genève: Chancellerie d’Etat. Linder, Wolf. 2001. Gutachten zum E-Voting. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Universität Bern. Longchamp, Claude. 2005. Das Potential der elektronischen Stimmabgabe. Schlussbericht Befragungen 2003/2004. Gfs-Institut. OSCE/ODIHR. 2012. Swiss Confederation Federal Assembly Elections 23 October 2011. Election Assessment Mission Report. OSCE. Warsaw. Regierungsrat des Kantons Zürich. 2013. Auszug aus dem Protokoll des Regierungsrates des Kantons Zürich. 582. EVoting (Beitritt Consortium). République du Canton de Genève - Chancellerie d'Etat. 2003. Anières: analyse des réponses au questionnaire soumis à l'issue du processus de vote. République du Canton de Genève - Chancellerie d'Etat. 2003. Analyse du questionnaire du vote par Internet à Cologny. République du Canton de Genève - Chancellerie d'Etat. 2004. Analyse succincte du questionnaire du vote par Internet à Carouge. République du Canton de Genève - Chancellerie d'Etat. 2012. Comparaison des observations et recommandations de l’OSCE avec les pratiques mises en œuvre à Genève en matière de vote électronique. République et Canton de Genève - Commission externe d'évaluation des politiques publiques. 2013. Voter par internet: évaluation des effets du vote électronique à Genève. Sardi, Massimo. 2012. Utilisation du vote par Internet dans le canton de Genève. LINK Institut. Lausanne. Sciarini, Pascal, Fabio Cappelletti, Andreas Goldberg, Alessandro Nai, and Amal Tawfik. 2013. Étude du vote par internet dans le canton de Genève. Rapport final à l’intention de la Commission externe d’évaluation des politiques publiques. Département de science politique et relations internationales, Université de Genève. Secrétariat du Grand Conseil de Genève. 2006. Rapport du Conseil d'Etat au Grand Conseil sur le projet genevois du vote électronique. Secrétariat du Grand Conseil de Genève. 2013. Rapport du Conseil d’Etat au Grand Conseil sur l’audit triennal du système genevois de vote électronique. Serdült, Uwe and Alexander H. Trechsel. 2006. Umfrage bei Stimmberechtigten der Zürcher Gemeinden Bertschikon, Bülach und Schlieren anlässlich des Pilotversuchs zum Vote électronique vom 27. November 2005. Bundeskanzlei: Sektion Politische Rechte. Bern. Spezialkommission 00.016 des Nationalrates. Motion 00.3190. Nutzung der Informationstechnologie für die direkte Demokratie (09.05.2000). Bundeskanzlei. Bern. Spezialkommission 00.016 des Nationalrates. 2000. Motion 00.3208. E-Switzerland (29.05.2000). Bundeskanzlei. Bern.

18.

UK

Birch, Sarah and Bob Watt. 2004. "Remote Electronic Voting: Free, Fair and Secret?" The Political Quarterly 75 (1):60– 72. Chadwick, Andrew and Christopher May. 2003. "Interaction between States and Citizens in the Age of the Internet: “E-Government” in the United States, Britain and the European Union." Governance 16 (2):271–300. 16

Choudrie, Jyoti., S. Raza, and Philipp Olla. 2009. "Exploring the Issues of Security, Privacy and Trust in eGovernment. UK Citizens' Perspective." In Proceedings of the 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems, eds. Robert C. Nickerson, and Ramesh Sharda: Association for Information Systems. Coleman, Stephen. 2002. Elections in the 21st Century: From Paper Ballot to E-Voting: Independent Commission on Alternative Voting Methods and Electoral Reform Society. Fairweather, Ben N. and Simon Rogerson. 2002. Technical Options Report. Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility. Leicester. Henry, Susan. 2003. "Can Remote Internet Voting Increase Turnout?" Aslib Proceedings, Journal of Information Management 55 (4):193–202. Heppner, Björn. "Electronic Voting in the United Kingdom." 2004. Diploma. Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration. Kitcat, Jason and Ian Brown. 2008. "Observing the English and Scottish 2007 E-Elections." Parliamentary Affairs 61 (2):380–95. Liptrott, Mark. 2006. "E-Voting in the UK. A Work in Progress." Electronic Journal of e-Government 4 (2):71–8. Liptrott, Mark. 2007. "E-Voting. Same Pilots, Same Problems, Different Agendas." Electronic Journal of e-Government 5 (2):205–12. Liptrott, Mark. 2007. "E-Voting. Is a Revised Diffusion Strategy the Answer for UK Local Government?" In Proceedings of MeTTeG 2007, 1st International Conference on Methodologies, Technologies and Tools enabling eGovernment, eds. Flavio Corradini, and Alberto Polzonetti: Halley Editrice, 73–84. MORI Social Research Institute. 2003. Public Opinion and the 2003 Electoral Pilot Schemes. The Electoral Commission. Norris, Pippa. 2005. "E-Voting as the Magic Ballot for European Parliamentary Elections? Evaluating E-Voting in the Light of Experiments in UK Local Elections." In The European Union and E-Voting: Addressing the European Parliament’s Internet Voting Challenge, eds. Alexander H. Trechsel, and Fernando Mendez. London: Routledge, 60–90. Norris, Pippa and David Sanders. 2003. "Message or Medium? Campaign Learning during the 2001 British General Election." Political Communication 20 (3):233–62. Olivier-Wright, Miranda and Isobel White. 2008. Electoral Pilot Schemes. Parliament and Constitution Centre. Open Rights Group. 2007. May 2007 Election Report. Findings of the Open Rights Group Election Observation Mission in Scotland and England. https://www.openrightsgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/org_election_report.pdf (Accessed December 17, 2013). Pieters, Wolter and Robert van Haren. 2007. "Temptations of Turnout and Modernisation: E-Voting Discourses in the UK and The Netherlands." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 5 (4):276–92. Pratchett, Lawrence. 2002. The Implementation of Electronic Voting in the UK. Local Government Association. Pratchett, Lawrence and Melvin Wingfield. 2004. "Electronic Voting in the United Kingdom: Lessons and Limitations from the UK Experience." In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 172–92. Smith, Ella and Ann Macintosh. 2003. "E-Voting. Powerful Symbol of E-Democracy." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2003). Second International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 240–5. Storer, Tim and Ishbel Duncan. 2004. "Polsterless Remote Electronic Voting." Journal of E-Government 1 (1):75–104. Watt, Bob. 2002. Implementing Electronic Voting. A Report Addressing the Legal Issues Raised by the Implementation of Electronic Voting. Department of Law, University of Essex. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2003. "A Taxonomy of Legal Accountabilities in the UK E-Voting Pilots." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2003). Second International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 393–400. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2004. "Procedural Security Analysis of Electronic Voting." In Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Research Issues on Data Engineering (RIDE'04): Web Services for E-Commerce and E-Government Applications, eds. Athman Bouguettaya, and Boualem Benatallah: IEEE Computer Society, 541–6. 17

Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2004. "Levels of Difficulty in Introducing E-Voting." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2004). Third International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, New York: Springer, 116–21. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2004. "G2G Collaboration to Support the Deployment of E-Voting in the UK. A Discussion Paper." In Electronic Government (EGOV 2004). Third International Conference, ed. Roland Traunmüller. Berlin, New York: Springer, 240–5. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2004. "Major Issues in Electronic Voting in the Context of the UK Pilots." Journal of E-Government 1 (1):53–74. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2005. "Trust Analysis of the U.K. E-Voting Pilots." Social Science Computer Review 23 (3):312–25. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2008. "A Framework for the Analysis of Procedural Security of the EElectoral Process." International Journal of Public Administration 31 (7):711–29. Xenakis, Alexandros and Ann Macintosh. 2010. "Lessons Learned from the E-Voting Pilots in the United Kingdom." In E-Government: Information, Technology, and Transformation, ed. Hans J. Scholl. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 141– 55.

18.1.

Official Reports

The Electoral Commission. 2002. Modernising Elections: A Strategic Evaluation of the 2002 Electoral Pilot Schemes. The Electoral Commission. London. The Electoral Commission. 2003. The shape of elections to come: A strategic evaluation of the 2003 electoral pilot schemes. The Electoral Commission. London. The Electoral Commission. 2007. Key Issues and Conclusions. May 2007 Electoral Pilot Schemes. The Electoral Commission. London. The Electoral Commission. 2007. Electronic Voting: May 2007 Electoral Pilot Schemes. The Electoral Commission. London.

19.

USA

ACM. 2003. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY: ACM. Ahlert, Christian. 2003. Weltweite Wahlen im Internet. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen transnationaler Demokratie. Frankfurt, New York: Campus. Alvarez, R. Michael and Thad Edward Hall. 2004. Point, Click, and Vote: The Future of Internet Voting. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. Alvarez, R. Michael and Jonathan Nagler. 2001. The Likely Consequences of Internet Voting for Political Representation. Los Angeles, Calif: Loyola Law School. Alvarez, R.M. and T.E. Hall. 2010. Electronic Elections: The Perils and Promises of Digital Democracy. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. Awad, Mohammed and Ernst L. Leiss. 2011. "Internet Voting in the USA. Analysis and Commentary." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 5 (1):45–55. Barr, Earl, Matt Bishop, and Mark Gondree. 2007. "Fixing Federal E-Voting Standards." Communications of the ACM 50 (3):19–24. Bederson, Benjamin B., Bongshin Lee, Robert M. Sherman, Paul S. Herrnson, and Richard G. Niemi. 2003. "Electronic Voting System Usability Issues." In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY: ACM, 145–52. Bélanger, France and Lemuria Carter. 2010. "The Impacts of the Digital Divide on Citizens' Intentions to Use Internet Voting". International Journal on Advances in Internet Technology 3&4: 203-211. 18

Chadwick, Andrew and Christopher May. 2003. "Interaction between States and Citizens in the Age of the Internet: “E-Government” in the United States, Britain and the European Union." Governance 16 (2):271–300. Cranor, Lorrie Faith. 2003. "In Search of the Perfect Voting Technology: No Easy Answers." In Secure Electronic Voting, ed. Dimitris A. Gritzalis. Boston MA: Springer US, 17–30. Delwit, Pascal, Jean-Benoit Pilet, and Erol Kulahei. 2007. "Stumbling Blocks of Electronic Voting Revealed by U.S. and European Experiences." In Encyclopedia of Digital Government, eds. Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, and Matti Mälkiä. 3 vols. Hershey [etc.]: Idea Group Reference, 1479–84. Epstein, Jeremy. 2011. "Internet Voting, Security, and Privacy." William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 19 (4):884–906. Franklin, Joshua and Jessica C. Myers. 2012. "Interpreting Babel: Classifying Electronic Voting Systems." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 244–56. Gibson, Rachel. 2001. "Elections Online: Assessing Internet Voting in Light of the Arizona Democratic Primary." Political Science Quarterly 116 (4):561–83. Hagen, Martin. 1997. Elektronische Demokratie: Computernetzwerke und politische Theorie in den USA. Hamburg: LitVerlag. Jefferson, David, Rubin, Aviel D., Simons, Barbara, and Wagner, David. 2004. A Security Analysis of the Secure Electronic Registration and Voting Experiment (SERVE). http://servesecurityreport.org/paper.pdf (Accessed May 16, 2014). Jones, Bill. 2000. A Report on the Feasibility of Internet Voting. California Internet Voting Task Force, Sacramento, USA. Kenski, Kate. 2005. "To I-Vote or Not to I-Vote? Opinions About Internet Voting from Arizona Voters." Social Science Computer Review 23:293–303. Kersting, Norbert. 2003. "Internet-Wahlen im Vergleich - USA, Schweiz und Deutschland." In Kursbuch Internet und Politik 2003, eds. Alexander Siedschlag, and Alexander Bilgeri. Wiesbaden: Springer, 73–89. Lauer, Thomas W. 2004. "The Risk of E-Voting." Electronic Journal of e-Government 2 (3):177–86. McNeal, Ramona and Caroline Tolbert. 2004. "Support for Internet Voting in the United States." In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 226–41. Mohen, Joe and Julia Glidden. 2001. "The Case for Internet Voting." Communications of the ACM 44 (1):49–51. Moynihan, Donald P. 2007. "E-Voting in the United States." In Encyclopedia of Digital Government, eds. Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, and Matti Mälkiä. 3 vols. Hershey [etc.]: Idea Group Reference, 797–802. Nickerson, Robert C., and Ramesh Sharda, eds. 2009. Proceedings of the 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems: Association for Information Systems. Prandini, Marco and Marco Ramilli. 2011. "Taking the Best of Both Worlds: A Comparison and Integration of the U.S. and EU Approaches to E-Voting Systems Evaluation." In Proceedings of the 44th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, ed. Ralph H. Sprague. Los Alamitos, Calif: IEEE Computer Society Press. Prevost, Alicia. 2008. "Assessing Internet Voting as an Early Voting Reform in the United States." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 63–80. Prevost, Alicia and Schaffner Brian. 2008. "Digital Divide or Just Another Absentee Ballot? Evaluating Internet Voting in the 2004 Michigan Democratic Primary." American Politics Research 36 (4):510–29. Rubin, Aviel D. 2006. Brave New Ballot. The Battle to Safeguard Democracy in the Age of Electronic Voting. New York: Morgan Road Books. Saltman, Roy G. 2006. The History and Politics of Voting Technology. In Quest of Integrity and Public Confidence. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Simons, Barbara and Douglas W. Jones. 2012. "Internet Voting in the US." Communications of the ACM 55 (10):68– 77. Sipior, Janice C. and Burke T. Ward. 2005. "Bridging the Digital Divide for E-Government Inclusion: A United States Case Study." The electronic Journal of e-Government 3:137–46. Solop, Frederic I. 2001. "Digital Democracy Comes of Age: Internet Voting and the 2000 Arizona Democratic Primary Election." Political Science and Politics 34 (2):289–93. 19

Solop, Frederic I. 2004. "Electronic Voting in the United States: At the Leading Edge or Lagging Behind?" In Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, eds. Norbert Kersting, and Harald Baldersheim. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 61–74.

19.1.

Official Reports

Department of Defense. 2001. Voting Over the Internet. Pilot Project Assessment Report. Washington, DC. OSCE/ODIHR. 2003. United States of America: General Elections 5 November 2002. Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2005. United States of America: 2 November 2004 Elections. Election Observation Mission Final Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2007. United States of America: Mid-term Congressional Elections 7 November 2006. Election Assessment Mission Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2009. United States of America: General Elections 4 November 2008. Limited Election Observation Mission Final Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2010. United States of America Mid-term Congressional Elections 2 November 2010. Election Assessment Mission Final Report. Warsaw. OSCE/ODIHR. 2013. United States of America General Elections 6 November 2012. Limited Election Observation Mission Report. Warsaw. U.S. Election Assistance Commission. 2011. A Survey of Internet Voting. Testing and Certification Technical Paper. Washington, DC.

20.

Turkey

Yücel, Okan and Nazife Baykal. 2009. "Voter Verifiable and Single Transferable Electronic Voting for Elections with Electoral Barriers." In 9th European Conference on E-Government (ECEG 2009), ed. Dan Remenyi. Dublin: ECEG, 703–40.

21.

Africa

Ayo, Charles and Ambrose Azeta. 2009. "A Framework for Voice-Enabled M-Voting System. Nigeria a Case Study." In 9th European Conference on E-Government (ECEG 2009), ed. Dan Remenyi. Dublin: ECEG, 96–104.

22.

Asia

Salem, Fadi and Yasar Jarrar. 2007. "Enhancing Trust in E-Voting Through Knowledge Management: The Case of the UAE." In Managing Knowledge to Build Trust in Government, eds. H. Qian, M. Mimicopoulos, and H. Yum. New York, 165–78.

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23.

Latin America

Alvarez, R. Michael, Gabriel Katz, Ricardo Llamosa, and Hugo E. Martinez. 2009. "Assessing Voters’ Attitudes towards Electronic Voting in Latin America. Evidence from Colombia’s 2007 E-Voting Pilot." In E-Voting and Identity st (VOTE-ID 2009). Second International Conference, eds. Peter Ryan, and Berry Schoenmakers. 1 ed. Berlin, New York: Springer, 75–91. Avgerou, Chrisanthi, Andrea Ganzaroli, Angeliki Poulymenakou, and Nicolau Reinhard. 2009. "Interpreting the Trustworthiness of Government Mediated by Information and Communication Technology. Lessons from Electronic Voting in Brazil." Information Technology for Development 15 (2):133–48. Lopez Mirau, Guillermo, Teresa Ovejero, and Julia Pomares. 2012. "The Implementation of E-Voting in Latin America: The Experience of Salta, Argentina from a Practitioner´s Perspective." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2012). 5th International Conference, ed. Manuel J. Kripp. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 213–24. Nickerson, Robert C., and Ramesh Sharda, eds. 2009. Proceedings of the 15th Americas Conference on Information Systems: Association for Information Systems. Reniu, Josep M. and Rosa Badia. 2007. "Learning Some Lessons from the Use of E-Voting. A Compared Sociopolitical Evaluation of E-Voting in Spain, Mexico and Argentina." In Proceedings of MeTTeG 2007, 1st International Conference on Methodologies, Technologies and Tools enabling e-Government, eds. Flavio Corradini, and Alberto Polzonetti: Halley Editrice, 183–96. Rodrigues-Filho, Jose, Cynthia J. Alexander, and Luciano C. Batista. 2008. "E-Voting in Brazil - The Risks to Democracy." In Electronic Voting (EVOTE 2008). 3rd International Conference, ed. Robert Krimmer. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik, 85–94. Silva, Leiser and Chris Westrup. 2009. "Development and the Promise of Technological Change." Information Technology for Development 15 (2):59–65.

24.

International

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