" %01$*»/ RBKL BP PFBJMOB @LJL EB AF@EL >KQBP e6L JB >IBDOÄ @LK ILP NRB JB AB@È>K = I> @>P> AB 'BELS½ FOBJLPq 6L @OBL NRB !>SFA EFWL BP> >CFOJ>@FÍK BK RK> L@>PFÍK e I> @>P> AB 'BELS½ FOBJLPq 6L KL PÄ AB RK JBGLO IRD>O BK ALKAB BPQ>O tV 2AP NRB BK I> @>P> ABI 0BÌLO ELO> BPQ> KL@EB BPQ>JLPƿQBKBJLP >NRÈ >IDRKLP >JFDLP NRB PLK AB $BLODF> "IILP MOL?>?IBJBKQB PB S>K > FO >II½ BK @>OOL ABPMRÄPǀABPMRÄP AB @LJBO BPQ> KL@EB 6 BKQLK@BP KLPLQOLPƿ IDRKLP AB BIILP AB JRV IBGLP VL BPMBOL NRB 2AP PB NRBABK 6 I>P E>?FQ>@FLKBP NRB QBKBJLP BPQ½K >?FBOQ>P M>O> 2AP 6 BKQLK@BP BI JFÄO@LIBP BK I> KL@EB @LKQFKR>OBJLP BK BI BPQRAFL V IRBDL PF BI 0BÌLO NRFBOB BI MOÍUFJL ALJFKDL LQO> SBW 6 IRBDL BK E>Q>RNR> BJMFBW> BI PBFP PÈ NRB QLALP ILP NRB QFBKBK PRP S>@>@FLKBP MI>KB>A>P BPQ>JLP BPMBO>KAL RK DO>K QFBJML J>O>SFIILPL BK E>Q>RNR> IIÈ BP ALKAB PFBJMOB QBKBJLP RK QFBJML Q>K J>O>SFIILPL +L PLK DO>KABP JRIQFQRABP >IDRK>P SB@BP QBKBJLPƿ >?BK @LJLƿ6L PRMLKDL NRB RKL MRAFBO> MLKBO AFBW JFI BK ÄI C½@FI -BOL KLOJ>IJBKQB VL @OBL NRB BI >ÌL M>P>AL QRSFJLP >IOBABALO AB PFBQB JFI >IDL >PÈ "I IRD>O BPQRSL JRV IIBKL MBOL E>V JR@EL IRD>O M>O> M>O>OPB 6 ILP >PFBKQLP NRB BIILP MRAFBO>K MLKBO E>PQ> >CRBO> 6 >PÈ NRB BPQ>JLP BPMBO>KAL BPL 6 BPQ>JLP @LKQBKQLP AB SBO NRB BPQ½K JR@ELP AB KRBPQOLP EBOJ>KLP JFKFPQOLP 6LǀVL KRK@> MRBAL >@LOA>OJB AB PR KLJ?OB >NRÈ BI JFPFLKBOL BI %BOJ>KL %RJBP V I> %BOJ>K> %RJBP BP 2A I> NRB BPQ½ PBKQ>A> >NRÈ V ILP MBNRBÌFQLP BPQ>JLP @LKQBKQLP AB QBKBOILP RK JFPFLKBOL 6 LQOLP BI %BOJ>KL ->Q BI %BOJ>KL !>RIQLK V LE PLK Q>KQLP BI %BOJ>KL BBIBO 6 SF >I %BOJ>KL LIIFKP E>@B RKLP JLJBKQLP 6 LE PBOÈ> RK ML@L AFCÈ@FI JBK@FLK>OILP > QLALP -BOL BPQ>JLP JRV @LKQBKQLP AB QBKBOILP BK I> @>P> ABI 0BÌLO BPQ> KL@EB "PQB DO>K MOB@FLPL %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB PBKQ>AL >NRÈ ABQO½P AB JÈ M>O> LO>O @LKJFDL JFBKQO>P S>JLP > BKPBÌ>O I> ->I>?O> E>OIFB BPQLV @LKQBKQL AB SBOIL > 2A V > I> %BOJ>K> +BIIFB >NRÈ BPQ> KL@EB > ILP MBNRBÌFQLP "PQB BPƿV BKPBÌ>O AB I> F?IF> RPR>IJBKQB BP JRVƿ0È %BOJ>KL 4BI@E VL PÍILƿBPQ>?> ?RP@½KALIL VL >ELO> IL SBL PBKQ>AL >II½ >QO½P "KPBÌ>O AB I> F?IF> RPR>IJBKQB BP RK ML@L ABIF@>AL RK ML@L 2AP P>?BK BP J½P L JBKLP @LJL @>JFK>O BK EFBIL ABID>AL IL II>J>JLP -BOL PÍIL PBKQFJLP NRB NRFW½P >I IIBD>O > BPQB MRKQL V > BPQB QFBJML MRAFBO> PBO ?RBKL BK @FBOQ> J>KBO> QO>BO > I>ǀ I> FDIBPF> > IL NRB MFBKPL > RKǀRK @LJMIBQL BKQBKAFJFBKQL MLPF@FLK>IJBKQB AB IL NRB PLJLP BK OFPQL 'BPÓP 6 >IDRK>P SB@BP @OBL NRB I> MOBAF@>@FÍK BP RK> @LP> J>O>SFIILP> MBOL
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>IDRK>P SB@BP @OBL %BOJ>KL BBIBO NRB I> BKPBÌ>KW> S> J½P >II½ AB BPL @LJL NRB BPƿBPMB@F>IJBKQB M>O> I> FDIBPF> ELO> I> MOBAF@>@FÍK MLO IL DBKBO>I >QO>M> >I MB@>ALO IL QO>B ?>GL @LKABK>@FÍK MLO I> ->I>?O> -BOL I> BKPBÌ>KW> @LIL@> >I ELJ?OB MLPF@FLK>IJBKQB BK IL NRB ÄI BP 6 KLPLQOLP KRK@> MLABJLP @LOOB@Q>JBKQB QBKBO CB E>PQ> NRB PBM>JLP MLPF@FLK>IJBKQB IL NRB PLJLP ELO> PF ILP "PQ>ALP 2KFALP AB BPQ> EBOJLP> QFBOO> >NRÈ JB BKSF>O> > /RPF> @LJL BJ?>G>ALO AB BPQ> K>@FÍK > /RPF> BKQLK@BP PF BIILP JB E>K BKSF>AL LCF@F>IJBKQB > /RPF> QLAL BI MLABO NRB QFBKB ILP "PQ>ALP 2KFALP JB OBPM>IA> *F M>I>?O> BP BU>@Q>JBKQB I> JFPJ> @LJL I> AB ILP "PQ>ALP 2KFALP PF VL ER?FBO> PFAL OB@LKL@FAL @LJL RK BJ?>G>ALO
6 BKQLK@BP PF !FLP KLP E> BKSF>AL M>O> PBO 0RP BJ?>G>ALOBP QLAL BI MLABO NRB BPQ½ BK BI FBIL QLAL IL NRB !FLP BP QLALP 0RP KDBIBP V QLAL 0R MLABO OBPM>IA>K KRBPQO>P M>I>?O>P PF PLJLP JBKP>GBOLP @LOOB@Q>JBKQB LOABK>ALP BKSF>ALP > I> DBKQB !FLP QFBKB NRB ELKO>O I> ->I>?O> MLONRB "I E> BP@OFQL Q>K PLIBJKBJBKQB NRB e1LAL IL NRB >Q>OBP BK I> QFBOO> 6L IL >Q>OÄ BK BI FBIL 1LAL IL NRB ABP>Q>OBP BK I> QFBOO> 6L IL ABP>Q>OÄ BK BI FBIL 6 > QF QB ALV I>P II>SBP ABI /BFKLq \,E Q>K DO>KABP MOLJBP>P IB E> A>AL "I > I> FDIBPF>Ʈ
6 VL BPQLV ABPMRÄP ABI LQOL AÈ> PF JR@ELP AB 2AP PRMLKDL BPQ½K >NRÈ BPQ> J>Ì>K> M>O> LÈO JFBKQO>P QO>QL BK JF ERJFIAB V PBK@FII> J>KBO> AB BUMIF@>O I>ǀI> SFPFÍK NRB VL SF ABI FBIL
6L AB KFKDRK> J>KBO> QO>Q>OÈ> AB ARA>O >IDRK> SBW >IDL NRB >IDRFBK JB E>V> AF@EL NRB !FLP IBP AFGL 6L IL @OBBOÈ> >RK PF VL KL IL SFBO> BK I> "P@OFQRO> VL >ÓK NRBOOÈ> @OBBO I> M>I>?O> AB BPB EBOJ>KL 6LǀVL MRAFBO> NRBA>OJB AB >@RBOAL @LK I> F?IF> MBOL >RK >PÈ VL @OBBOÈ> NRB NRFW½P BI EBOJ>KL PÍIL IL J>IBKQBKAFÍ BK >IDRK> CLOJ> NRB ÄI NRFW½P IL MRAFBO> E>?BO @LKCRKAFAL RK MLNRFQL 6 QLA>SÈ> @OBBOÈ> NRB ÄIǀÄI BP JF EBOJ>KL
6 PF E>V >IDRK> @LP> NRB >OAB ABKQOL AB JF @LO>WÍK V BPMBOL NRB KRK@> PB S>V> BK JFP >ÌLP SBKFABOLP NRB KRK@> JB LISFAB AB IL NRB PR@BAFÍ BI ALJFKDL M>P>AL BK I> J>Ì>K> E>@B RK> PBJ>K> *B E> EB@EL >IDL NRB E> OBSLIR@FLK>AL JF SFA> 6Lǀ VL KL QBJL 6LǀVL KL QBKDL KF RK PLIL QBJLO AB I> JRBOQB )> JRBOQB KL QFBKB QBJLO BK IL >?PLIRQL 6 KLǀKL IL QFBKB M>O> 2AP PF Q>K PÍIL BKQBKAFBO>K ELO> NRFW½P PFƿ2AP QBKAOÈ>K NRB QBKBO I> BUMBOFBK@F> M>O> P>?BOIL MLONRB KL E>V J>KBO> AB BUMIF@>OIL 2KL KL MRBAB BK@LKQO>O M>I>?O>P MLONRB KL BPQ½K BK BI AF@@FLK>OFL AB &KDIÄP L BK KFKDÓK LQOL AF@@FLK>OFL MLONRB BPQ½ BK RK> "QBOKFA>A KL E>V >VBO KL E>V J>Ì>K> QLAL BP BK QFBJML MOBPBKQB 6 KL BP e*B PFBKQL JRV ?FBKq V AB >NRÈ > RK> ELO> eKL JB PFBKQL Q>K ?FBKq V LQO> ELO> eJB PFBKQL ?FBK LQO> SBWq "P QFBJML MOBPBKQB QLAL BI QFBJML t3BK +RK@> @BP> PÍIL BP> M>W DILOFLP> V >IDL
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6 KL MRBAB E>?BO MB@>AL KL MRAFBO> E>?BO @BILP KL MRAFBO> E>?BO BKCBOJBA>A KLǀKL MRAFBO> E>?BO K>A> NRB IIBDRB >IDRK> SBW > BP> @LPQ> BIBPQF>I 6 PF MRBAL QBKBO BI MOFSFIBDFL AB AB@FO BPQL IL @R>I NRFW½P KL IL QBKDL 0F KL BKQLK@BP ORBDL NRB !FLP JB MBOALKB -BOL PF QBKDL BI MOFSFIBDFL V CRB NRB !FLP MBOJFQFÍ NRB VL CRBO> >OOB?>Q>AL M>O> SBO >IDL VL JB OBCBOFOÈ> >I MOFJBO FBIL 6 >ABJ½P @OBL NRB RKL BK I> F?IF> II>J>AL @OBL NRB BO> ->?IL NRB CRB >OOB?>Q>AL >I QBO@BO FBIL t6 PF CRB >PÈ AB DILOFLPL BK BI MOFJBO FBIL NRÄ OBPBOS> BPB QBO@BO FBIL \ LK O>WÍK ÄI KL MLAÈ> E>?I>O AB BIIL MLO @>QLO@B >ÌLPƮ "I AFGL NRB ÄI KL P>?È> PF BPQ>?> BK BI @RBOML L CRBO> ABI @RBOML LK BPB DO>K >MÍPQLI KL M>O> @LJM>OQFO PRǀPRǀPR LCF@FL L KL M>O> QO>Q>O AB E>@BOKLP >IDL @LJL IL NRB ÄI CRB MBOL MRBAL AB@FO @LK ÄI VL KL PÄ PF CRB BK BPQB @RBOML L CRBO> ABI @RBOML )L ÓKF@L BP NRB CRB Q>K OB>I @LJL ILP BPQLV JFO>KAL > 2AP
6 PFBJMOB JB EB MOBDRKQ>AL PL?OB PF VL M>P>O> V SFBO> RK> KR?B@FQ> CILQ>KAL RK BPMÈOFQR V AFGBO> e IIÈ S> BI EBOJ>KL V I> EBOJ>K> BPLP PLK E>OIFB V +BIIFB "PLP PLK BI %BOJ>KL V I> %BOJ>K> 0MBK@BO NRB S>K >IIÈq "PL PFBJMOB JB ABP@LK@BOQ>?> 0F JFP LGLP BPQ½K BK BI PBMRI@OL AB@>VBKAL MRAOFÄKALPB PF JFP LÈALP V> KL BPQ½K >NRÈ M>O> LÈO V PF QLA> JF P>KDOB PB E> ABPEB@EL V I> E>K BJ?>IP>J>AL V BPQ½ BK I>P >DR>P L BK I> QFBOO> V JFP C>@RIQ>ABP JBKQ>IBP JFP @ÄIRI>P ABI @BOB?OL E>K ABP>M>OB@FAL BKQLK@BP t@ÍJL PBOÈ> VL >IDL J½P NRB RK BPMÈOFQR CILQ>KAL >IOBABALO 6 BPL JB >DL?F>?> ÍJL JB DRPQ>OÈ> AB@FO e%LI> %BOJ>KL ->Q \LE BPQLV @LKQBKQL AB SBOILƮ \%LI> %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB @ÍJL JB DRPQ>OÈ> SBOILƮq -BOL VL MBKP>?> e RBKL PF KL QBKDL K>A> @LK NRÄ SBO RK> ?L@> @LK NRÄ E>?I>O PB E> @LOOLJMFAL BP MLISL t@ÍJL MLAOÈ> AB@FO =%LI> %BOJ>KL ->Q =%LI> %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB L >PÈ MLO BI BPQFIL =%LI> E>OIFB q
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6 >ELO> PB JB SFBKB > I> JBKQB >ELOFQ> JFPJL NRB *LFPÄP E>?È> BPQ>AL JRBOQL V BK RK> PBMRIQRO> PFK J>O@>O MLO L@EL@FBKQLP >ÌLP V "IFPBL PB E>?È> FAL >I FBIL NRFKFBKQLP >ÌLP >KQBP MBOL BK BI *LKQB AB I> 1O>KPCFDRO>@FÍK > BIILP PB IBP BK@LKQOÍ E>?I>KAL @LK 'BPÓP
!BPMRÄP AB NRB 0>JRBI E>?È> BPQ>AL JRBOQL MLO IL JBKLP AB QOBP > @FK@L >ÌLP V I> ?ORG> AB "KALO IL II>JÍ V BII> PB MLPQOÍ PL?OB PR OLPQOL V BII> AFGL e1Ó JB E>P BKD>Ì>AL MLONRB QÓ JFPJL BOBP 0>ÓIq "II> AFGL e\-LONRB SBL AFLPBPƮq "II> BO> RK> M>D>K> tSBK 2AP e3BL AFLPBP NRB PR?BKq
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6 0>ÓI QLA>SÈ> KL MLAÈ> SBOIL V ÄI AFGL et ÍJL BP !BP@OÈ?BJBILq !FGL e"I BP ABID>AL V QFBKB RK J>KQL PL?OB PR ELJ?OLq !FGL e"PB BP 0>JRBI BI MOLCBQ> QO½BIL >NRÈ >KQB JÈq 6L NRFBOL NRB PB CFGBK NRB 0>JRBI KL E>?È> MBOAFAL K>A> AB PR MBOPLK>IFA>A "I QLA>SÈ> BO> RK MOLCBQ> ÄI IB AFGL > 0>ÓI BU>@Q>JBKQB IL NRB PR@BABOÈ> >I AÈ> PFDRFBKQB PÈ NRB tSBK 2AP I> JRBOQB KL KLP AFPJFKRVB @LJMIBQ>JBKQB JFBKQO>P IILO>JLP V DBJFJLP V I>JBKQ>JLP BK I> PBMRIQRO> 0ÍIL @>J?F> KRBPQOL IRD>O AB JLO>A> +LP IIBS> AB RK IRD>O >ƿt.RÄ BP I> BA>A 0F SFSL RK> ELO> J½P VL SFSFOÄ J½P NRB JR@E>P MBOPLK>P AB AFB@FPÄFP >ÌLP VL SFSFOÄ J½P NRB JR@E>P MBOPLK>P AB @FK@L >ÌLP )> BA>A KL BP K>A> 0ÍIL PLJLP MRBPQLP >NRÈ @LK RK MOLMÍPFQL M>O> E>@BO >IDL RBKL >ELO> JR@E>P AB BPQ>P J>AOB@FQ>P AB @>O> ?LKFQ> PBKQ>A>P >NRÈ >IDRK>P AB BII>P AB PBPBKQ> L PBQBKQ> >ÌLP AB BA>A AFOÈ>K e RBKL tNRÄ EB EB@EL VL %BOJ>KL O>KE>J q 2AP E>K @OF>AL > PRP EFGLP 2AP E>K EB@EL IL NRB AB?BOÈ>K AB E>@BO .RFW½P >IDÓK M>M½ >K@F>KL PBKQ>AL >NRÈ AF@B e RBKL VL >OÄ ILP @>JMLP VL EB EB@EL DRSN 6L KRK@> MOBAFNRÄq -BOL 2A EFWL BU>@Q>JBKQB IL NRB !FLP IL BKSFÍ > E>@BO %>V RK IRD>O M>O> 2A %>?I>KAL @LK RK AL@QLO >K@F>KL >VBO RKL AB JFP >JFDLP AL@QLOBP @LJM>ÌBOLP AB L@EBKQ> V S@MSNR >ÌLP 6 PR @RÌ>A> BPQ½ >NRÈ BK I> FDIBPF> BPQ> KL@EB V BII> E> BPQ>AL RK MLNRFQL MOBL@RM>A> MLO ÄI 6 VL CRF > SBOIL 6 Q>K MOLKQL BJMB@Ä > E>?I>O @LK ÄI ÄI PB >IBDOÍ JB @LKQÍ >@BO@> AB RK SF>GB AB @>@BOÈ> NRB E>?È> QLJ>AL E>@B JR@ELP >ÌLP >II½ BK LILO>AL I> JFPJ> OBDFÍK BK NRB VL @>WL \1>K ?OFII>KQB V IFPQLƮ 6 VL AFGB e!L@QLO t@R½KQL QFBJML E> BPQ>AL MO>@QF@>KAL q "I AFGL e R>KAL 2A BO> >J>J>KQ>ALq 6 JRV >ABKQOL AFGBƿ e6 JR@E>P SB@BPq AFGL ÄI eVL EB MO>@QF@>AL IIBS>KAL JF @>IBP> VL MLKÈ> JFP >ICLOG>P PL?OB JF @>?>IIL 6L QLJ>?> BI JLOO>IFQL V @>JFK>?>q 6 AFGB e0È > IL I>ODL AB I>P LOFII>P AB ILP OF>@ERBILP > I>P ALP AB I> J>Ì>K> @LK PR IFKQBOK> QO>Q>KAL AB BK@LKQO>O RK> @>P> ALKAB RK KFÌFQL QBKÈ> RK ALILO AB BPQÍJ>DL L RK> J>AOB BK ALILOBP AB M>OQLq !FGL e"PL BP @LOOB@QL 6 AFGB e2A P>?B AL@QLO VL @OBL >I LQOL I>AL AB BPQ> IÈKB> AFSFPLOF> >NRÈ BKQOB IL JLOQ>I V I> FKJLOQ>IFA>A !FLP QFBKB RK IRD>O M>O> ?RBKLP AL@QLOBP NRB PFOSFBOLK >PÈq $O>KABP I½DOFJ>P P>IFBOLK AB PRP LGLP V @LJBKWÍ > IILO>O ÄI IBS>KQÍ PRP J>KLP AÄ?FIBP V AFGL e%BOJ>KL VL BPMBOL NRB >PÈ PB>q -LO QLA> I> QFBOO> !FLP GRWD> BI >IJ> ABI ELJ?OB IL NRB ÄI BP
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"KQLK@BP VL IB AF BPQ> "P@OFQRO> P>QFPC>@FBKQB *R@E>P SB@BP >?OFÄKALPB M>PL > QO>SÄP AB BPLP @>JMLP ILALPLP AB KL@EB QO>Q>KAL AB >VRA>O > >IDRFBK NRFW½P KRK@> OB@F?FÍ RK @BKQ>SL MLO BIIL MBOL BPQ½ ?FBK 6L AFGB e'BPÓP AFGL BK I> "P@OFQRO> = FBK>SBKQRO>ALP ILP JFPBOF@LOAFLPLP MLONRB BIILP >I@>KW>O½K JFPBOF@LOAF>q 6 BPL BP SBOA>A
6 BPQ> KL@EB NRBOBJLP BPQ>?IB@BO I> FDIBPF> BK BPQ>P QOBP IB@@FLKBP PF !FLP MBOJFQB @ÍJL V > NRÄ JFO>O NRÄ PLJLP 3>JLP > @LJBKW>O BK BI @>MÈQRIL ABI )F?OL AB I>P @>OQ>P AB ->?IL > ILP "CBPFLP 6 S>JLP > QLJ>O ILP MOFJBOLP QOBP @>MÈQRILP BK KRBPQOLP PFDRFBKQBP QOBP BPQRAFLP QO>Q>KAL AB SBO RK @>MÈQRIL MLO KL@EB PF MLABJLP "PQ> KL@EB BI JFÄO@LIBP V BI MOÍUFJL ALJFKDL BK I> J>Ì>K> "CBPFLP BI @>MÈQRIL ELO> JFBKQO>P BPQRAF>JLP GRKQLP JB DRPQ>OÈ> AB@FO BPQL NRB BPQB )F?OL AB "CBPFLP S> MBOCB@Q>JBKQB BK M>O>IBIL @LK 'LPRÄ ABI KQFDRL 1BPQ>JBKQL "CBPFLP BI )F?OL AB "CBPFLP
ELO> OB@RBOABK PF PR@BAFBO> NRB KLP P>IFÄO>JLP RK MLNRFQL AB >@RBOAL > PR BKPBÌ>KW> PÍIL MBOAÍKBKKLP V QÄKD>KKLP M>@FBK@F> MLO RK O>QL KQBP AB NRB I> >?O>JLP MFA½JLPIB > "I NRB KLP >VRAB JFBKQO>P FK@IFK>JLP KRBPQOLP OLPQOLP
0BÌLO BPQ>JLP >?LOA>KAL 1R P>KQ> V P>DO>A> "P@OFQRO> I> @R>I BP J½P PBDRO> NRB QLALP ILP @FBILP V I> QFBOO> -LONRB IBBJLP BK BPQ> ->I>?O> II>J>A> I> F?IF> NRB e J?LP @FBILP V QFBOO> M>P>O½K MBOL *F ->I>?O> KRK@> C>II>O½ "KQLK@BP BK BPQ> ELO> PLIBJKB BK NRB SBKDL > BPQB MÓIMFQL BPQ> KL@EB >KQB I> @LJMO> AB 1R 0>KDOB BPQLP MOB@FLPLP V NRBOFALP JLOQ>IBP NRB BPQ½K >NRÈ PBKQ>ALP BPQ> KL@EB >PFÄKALPB AB QLA> MBNRBÌ> BPMBO>KW> NRB MRBABK M>O> J>KQBKBOPB CFOJBP M>O> BP> )RW NRB E> AB SBKFO .RB PB> Q>K PRCF@FBKQB BPQ> KL@EB NRB @>A> @OBVBKQB >NRÈ SB> PR MLPF@FÍK V QLAL >NRBI NRB QLA>SÈ> KL E> SBKFAL > BPQB DO>K @LJM>ÌBOFPJL NRB MOLPFD> E>@F> BI /BFKL 0BÌLO V QLNRB BK I> MRBOQ> E>PQ> NRB BI -LOQBOL >?O> I> MRBOQ> LK@ÄABIL 0BÌLO
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R>KAL QO>BJLP > ILP BKCBOJLP ABI>KQB AB KLPLQOLP V C>II>K BK PBO P>K>ALP KB@BPFQ>JLP @LKSL@>O > RK >VRKL PLIBJKB @LKSL@>O RK> >P>J?IB> IDL >KA> J>I BK >IDRK> M>OQB !FLP EFWL I> MOLJBP> !FLP QFBKB NRB >MBD>OPB > BP> MOLJBP> V "I IL E>O½
6 ÄI @LKSL@Í > RK >VRKL 6 BIILP >SBOFDR>OLK B@E>OLK PRBOQBP 6 @½K IL @LKCBPÍ 6 BIILP J>Q>OLK > I> C>JFIF> AB @½K V QLAL V NRBJ>OLK PRP @BKFW>P V I>P ABG>OLK >IIÈ @LJL JBJLOF>I 6 'LPRÄ PFDRFÍ >ABI>KQB > QO>SÄP AB I>P ?>Q>II>P QLJ>KAL QLAL PFK RK O>PDRÌL L EBOFA> IIÈ IL QFBKBK
2K AÈ> ÄI KB@BPFQ>?> RK ML@L AB QFBJML QFBJML BUQO> "I PLI PB BPQ>?> MLKFBKAL ILP ELJ?OBP KL MLAÈ>K MBIB>O JRV ?FBK BK I> KL@EB 'LPRÄ BPB DO>K DRBOOBOL RKDFAL AB !FLP @LIL@>AL BK MLPF@FÍK ABKQOL AB I> QFBOO> @LJL "CBPFLP M>O> I> KRBS> &DIBPF> MLPBB MLPBVBKAL MLPBVBKAL I> QFBOO> >MLABO½KALPB AB BII> "I KB@BPFQ>?> QFBJML >PÈ NRB ÄI AFGL e\0LI ABQBKQBƮq 6 KL PB JLSFÍ @LJL MLO AL@B ELO>P E>PQ> NRB ÄI QLJÍ I> QFBOO> t3BK
ELO> BI )F?OL AB "CBPFLP KLP @LIL@Í BK MLPF@FÍK BK OFPQL IL NRB BIILP BO>K BK I> 1FBOO> 0>KQ> \+LPLQOLP KL PLJLP @LIL@>ALP BK I> 1FBOO> 0>KQ> PFKL BK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQLƮ ELO> PÍIL IB>JLP RK> ->I>?O> SB>JLP @R½K MBOCB@Q> BP I> FDIBPF>
/@AKN @OÐRSNK CD )DRTBQHRSN ONQ K@ UNKTMS@C CD #HNR Dž \,E JB DRPQ> BPLƮ !FLP IL EFWL > ÄI RK >MÍPQLI +FKDÓK >K@F>KL MRPL J>KLP PL?OB ÄI KFKDÓK L?FPML IL BKSFÍ > >IDRK> M>OQB MBOL !FLP IL II>JÍ V IL EFWL RK >MÍPQLI
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/@AKN @OÐRSNK CD )DRTBQHRSN ONQ K@ UNKTMS@C CD #HNR @ KNR R@MSNR ILP P>KQFCF@>ALP X EHDKDR DM 'BPR@OFPQL PTD DRSÀM DM $EDRN ,?PBOSBK @ÍJL AFOFDB BPQL "PQL KL BP M>O> ILP FK@OÄARILP "PQL BP M>O> I> FDIBPF> "P AFOFDFAL > ILP II>J>ALP CRBO> ILP P>KQFCF@>ALP V II>J>ALP NRB BPQ½K BK OFPQL 'BPÓP ELO> PF 2AP NRFBOBK P>?BO @ÍJL BKQO>JLP BK OFPQL 'BPÓP PF 2AP >?OBK > -OFJBO> AB LOFKQFLP AF@B e-LONRB MLO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP BK RK RBOMLq t ÍJL t >RQFW>ALP MLO NRÄ "I "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL +L MLO ?>RQFPJL BK >DR> 2AP DBKQB AB I> &DIBPF> AB OFPQL MBOL MLO RK " J>VÓP@RI> P M È O F Q R MLO RK "PMÈOFQR +L MLO RK >MOBQÍK AB J>KLP MLO RK> @>OQ> KL MLO RK OL@F>JFBKQL -BOL MLO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP BK RK RBOML KRBPQO> MLPBPFÍK I> QFBOO> NRB !FLP KLP E> A>AL M>O> SFSFO BK BII> BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL PÈ @LJL "I AFL >K>½K > ILP 'RAÈLP "I KLP E> A>AL BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL -LO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP BK RK RBOML t)L @>MQ>K ELO> ÄI IBP BPQ½ E>?I>KAL > ILP >K>KFQ>P BPMFOFQR>IBP &PO>BI BI &PO>BI BPMFOFQR>I NRFBK E> MLPBÈAL I> QFBOO> ,E tKL BPQ½K @LKQBKQLP AB NRB 2AP E>K P>IFAL AB ILP >GLP AB "DFMQL t+L BPQ½K @LKQBKQLP AB NRB E>K P>IFAL ABI ABPFBOQL 6 OB@RBOABK BIILP QBKÈ>K NRB @LJBO J>K½ >IFJBKQL AB KDBIBP NRB MOL@BAÈ> ABI FBIL E>PQ> NRB BIILP @ORW>OLK > I> QFBOO> 6 @R>KAL BIILP @ORW>OLK > I> QFBOO> BI J>K½ @BPÍ AB @>BO "KQLK@BP BPQ>?>K @LJMIBQ>JBKQB J>AROLP V @LJFBOLK ABI CORQL AB I> QFBOO> ELO> >ELO> NRB 2AP V> KL PLK ?B?ÄP >ELO> NRB 2AP KL BPQ½K ABPB>KAL I> IB@EB KL >ARIQBO>A> ABI "S>KDBIFL NRB KL QFBKBK NRB PBO JFJ>ALP V A½OPBIBP M>IJ>AFQ>P V PBO MBOPR>AFALP > SBKFO > I> FDIBPF> >ELO> NRB 2AP PLK OFPQF>KLP SBOA>ABOLP @LJMIBQ>JBKQB J>AROLP >ELO> 2AP BPQ½K IFPQLP M>O> @LJBO >IFJBKQL PÍIFAL 2AP BPQ½K IFPQLP M>O> BKQO>O BK >IDL AFGL ÄI 2AP BPQ½K IFPQLP M>O> BKQBKABO >IDL NRB BP OF@L V MOLCRKAL ,E BKQO>OBJLP AFOB@Q>JBKQB BK BIIL 6 LE E> BPQ>AL BP@LKAFAL ABPAB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL "I AFGL e ELO> NRB 2AP E>K BKQO>AL BK BPQL BPQLV AFOFDFBKAL BPQL > 2AP q +L > >NRBIILP NRB >@>?>K AB P>IFO AB "DFMQL KL > >NRBIILP NRB >ÓK BPQ½K BK I> GLOK>A> MBOL > >NRBIILP NRB BPQ½K BK I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> NRB E>K OB@F?FAL I> MOLJBP> t R½KQLP E>K OB@F?FAL I> MOLJBP> ABI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL ,E KL BPQ½K @LKQBKQLP AB NRB >ELO> BPQ½K >NRÈ BK I> QFBOO> @LJFBKAL BI CORQL @LJFBKAL I>P @LP>P PÍIFA>P AB !FLP V QFBKBK RK @I>OL BKQBKAFJFBKQL 0RǀPR JBKQB BPMFOFQR>I BPQ½ IF?OB AB QLA> @LKCRPFÍK 2AP P>?BK BU>@Q>JBKQB NRFÄK BP "I 2AP P>?BK BU>@Q>JBKQB NRÄ BP "I 2AP P>?BK BU>@Q>JBKQB > AÍKAB S>K 2AP P>?BK BU>@Q>JBKQB QLAL >I OBPMB@QL 2AP P>?BK BK .RFÄK E>K @OBÈAL V BPQ½K PBDROLP NRB "I BP MLABOLPL M>O> DR>OA>O >NRBIIL NRB E>K ABMLPFQ>AL BK "I M>O> >NRBI AÈ> ,E ÄPB BP > ÄPB
) - ) / % ) !
BP > NRFBK ->?IL IB BPQ½ E>?I>KAL >ELO> "P@R@EBK >QBKQ>JBKQB ELO> L?PBOSBK DžEHDKDR DM "QHRSN )DRÖRDž ELO> NRB I> FDIBPF> OBMFQ> BPL t ÍJL BKQO>JLP BK OFPQL t I RKFOKLP > I> FDIBPF> +L t I MLKBO KRBPQOL KLJ?OB BK RK IF?OL +L t I PBO ?>RQFW>ALP MLO FKJBOPFÍK +L t ÍJL BKQO>JLP BK OFPQL -LO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP BK RK> MOLJBP> BI RBOML V PLJLP M>OQF@FM>KQBP AB QLAL IL NRB BP AB I> QFBOO> \ JÄKƮ ,E > JÈǀ> JÈ JB DRPQ> BPL 0F VL KL BPQRSFBO> OLK@L VL MRAFBO> DOFQ>O ,E @R>KAL BKQOL BK BPQ> QFBOO> BP JÈ> "PQLV BK @>P> >ELO> BPQLV BK >K>½K 6L BPQLV PRGBQL > @R>INRFBO @LP> BK NRB !FLP NRFBO> RP>OJB 6L BPQLV @>JFK>KAL BK QFBOO> P>KQ> RK EFGL ABI /BV SBPQFAL V MOBM>O>AL 6L EB P>IFAL AB "DFMQL M>PÄ > QO>SÄP AB I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> PLMLOQÄ I>P MORB?>P M>PÄ PL?OB BI 'LOA½K > BPQ> ?BKAFQ> MOLJBP> t,E @ÍJL IL L?QRSB -LO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR !B I> JFPJ> J>KBO> NRB ->?IL IL L?QRSL L?OÍ BK JÈ AB I> JFPJ> J>KBO> NRB L?OÍ BK ÄI AB I> JFPJ> J>KBO> NRB L?OÍ BK 2AP -LO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP +L OL@F>ALP RK> OL@F>AFQ> AB "I PB PFBKQB JRV ?FBK \MBOL PRJBODFALPƮ 1LAL EB@EL M>O> K>A>O PRJBODFALP BK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL "P> BP I> MOLJBP> +RBPQOL "CBPFLP KRBPQOL 'LPRÄ BI @R>I BP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL )NRTÇ PFDKFCF@> e'BPÓP 0>IS>ALOq 'LPRÄ PFDKFCF@>KAL NRB BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL IL OBMOBPBKQ> BK IL BPMFOFQR>I >PÈ @LJL >NRBIIL CRB BK IL K>QRO>I NRB "I BP KRBPQOL DO>K $RBOOBOL "I BP KRBPQOL DO>K )ÈABO PÈ @LJL !FLP BPQRSL @LK 'LPRÄ >PFJFPJL !FLP BK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL KLP BPQ½ JLSFBKAL 6 @R>KAL BI MB@>AL BKQO> BK BI @>JM>JBKQL BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL ABJ>KA> RK >IQL et.RÄ BPQ½ J>I >NRÈ BK BPQ> FDIBPF> IDL >KA> J>Iq ,E tKL MRBABK SBO @ÍJL QBKBJLP ABJ>PF>ALP EFGLP AB FP >ELO> !BJ>PF>ALP 0>ÓIBP P>IFBKAL AB PBJFK>OFLP V BP@RBI>P QBLIÍDF@>P V P>IFBKAL CRBO> V BKPBÌ>KAL BPQ>P @LP>P MBOSBOP>P @LJL AF@B I> F?IF> NRB E>OÈ>K MLO IL SFPQL KL QBKFBKAL I> #B PBM>O½KALPB AB 2AP KL QBKFBKAL @LJM>ÌBOFPJL @LK 2AP V ABJ½P QBKFBKAL >M>OFBK@F> AB MFBA>A V KBD>KAL I> "CF@>@F> AB BII> > ÄPQLP BSFQ> "IILP KL P>?BK AB AÍKAB SFBKBK BIILP KL MRBABK A>O >IDRK> O>WÍK !FDL BPQL ABI %BOJ>KL LLQE IF??LOK RK >JFDL JÈL PF E>V >IDL BK BI JRKAL NRB BP FI ƿFIBDÈQFJL NRB KL CRB @OB>AL MLO !FLP @R>INRFBO @LP> BK BI JRKAL BP RK JRIL 2K JRIL BP IL J½P ?>GL AB QLA>P I>P @LP>P "I BP RKƿÄIǀÄI KL P>?B IL NRB BP "I V> KL PB MRBAB MOLAR@FO 2K JRIL KL MRBAB PBO @ORW>AL @LK LQO> JRI> V IIBD>O > PBO RK> JRI> IIÈ QBOJFK> "I KL P>?B AB AÍKAB SFKL PR M>M½ KF Q>JML@L @LKL@B > PR J>J½ MLONRB ÄI BP RK MBNRBÌLǀRK MBNRBÌL ?ROOL V RK> VBDR> !FLP KRK@> EFWL BPL +L IB >QOF?RV>K Q>I @LP> > !FLP !FLP KRK@> EFWL BPL !FLP AFGL e1LAL MOLAR@FO½ PBDÓK PR DÄKBOLq 0È PBÌLO -BOL RK JRIL BP RKǀRKƿPR M>M½ BO> RK ?ROOL V PR J>J½ BO> RK> VBDR> >PÈ NRB ÄI KL P>?B > NRÄ MBOQBKB@B "IǀÄIǀÄI BP RK @>?>IIL QO>Q>KAL
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AB PBO RK JRIL L RK JRILƿL ÄI BP RK @>?>IIL QO>Q>KAL AB PBO RK ?ROOL RK ?ROOL QO>Q>KAL AB PBO RK @>?>IIL "I KL P>?B > AÍKAB MBOQBKB@B 6 ÄI BP I> @LP> J½P QBO@> NRB E>V BK BI JRKAL 2KL KL MRBAB QBKBO KF RK MLNRFQL AB @LKCF>KW> BK ÄI 6 AB BP> J>KBO> BP JR@E> DBKQB BK I> FDIBPF> "IILP KL P>?BK NRFÄK BP PR M>M½ KL P>?BK NRFÄK BP PR J>J½ )L ÓKF@L NRB P>?BK BP NRB PLK V> PB> -OBP?FQBOF>KLP *BQLAFPQ>P >RQFPQ>P L -BKQB@LPQ>IBP L >IDL "IILP KL P>?BK AB AÍKAB SFBKBK 6 > RK ?ROOL SFBGL RKL IB MRBAB DOFQ>O Q>KQL @LJL NRFBO> DOFQ>OIB V ÄI PB NRBA>O½ M>O>AL >IIÈ V M>O>O½ BP>P DO>KABP LOBG>P V JFO>O½ 2KL MRBAB MOBAF@>OIBP QLA> I> KL@EB V KL P>?BK KF RK MLNRFQL J½P @R>KAL PB S>K NRB IL NRB P>?È>K @R>KAL BKQO>OLK ELO> BPL BP @LOOB@QL +L NRFBOL PBO DOLPBOL MBOL NRFBOL AB@FOIBP I> 3BOA>A -BOL E>V RK> @LP> NRB MRBABK E>@BO PLK ?RBKLP QO>?>G>ALOBP ,E PÍIL QO>?>G>K QO>?>G>K QO>?>G>K QO>?>G>K "PL JB QO>B > I> JBKQB RK JLKQÍK AB BPQLP OJBKF>KLP NRB PFBJMOB BPQ½K QO>Q>KAL AB >?OFOPB @>JFKL E>@F> BI FBIL "PL BP @LOOB@QL RK JRIL ,E I> 0L@FBA>A RUFIF>O AB !>J>P V I>P @BK>P AB MLIIL M>O> BI P>I>OFL ABI MOBAF@>ALO e6 QBKBJLP NRB QBKBO BPQB ?>FIB V BPQL PL@F>Iq 0ÍIL BP QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O QO>?>G>O 6 BIILP tM>O> NRÄ BPQ½K QO>?>G>KAL -OBDÓKQBKIBP et/B@F?FPQBFP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL ABPAB NRB @OBÈPQBFP q "IILP M>O>K PRP LOBG>P V KL P>?BK > AÍKAB MBOQBKB@BK et.RÄ NRFBOB AB@FO t!ÍKAB CRB NRB QLAL DRSN t.RÄ NRFBOB AB@FO 2A @LK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL 6L KRK@> EB LÈAL K>A> >I OBPMB@QL ,E 2A AB?B PBO >IDRK> @I>PB AB C>K½QF@Lq t3BK KL P>?BK NRFÄK BO> M>M½ L NRFÄK BO> J>J½ Q>JML@L 6 RKL QFBKB NRB DLIMB>OILP BK QLAL IL NRB RKL E>@B DLIMB>OILP @PTË V DLIMB>OILP @KKË V DLIMB>OILP @PTË V DLIMB>OILP @KKË "PL BP @LOOB@QL RK JRIL SFBGL -BOL IBP AFDL 2AP KL QFBKBK NRB E>@BO BPL @LK RK SBOA>ABOL @>?>IIL AB MRO> P>KDOB 0ÍIL QORBKB BI I½QFDL PL?OB ÄI RK> SBW V EBOJ>KL ÄI P>IB AFPM>O>AL "I P>?B IL NRB BPQ½ E>@FBKAL \,E NRÄ >DO>A>?IB BP JLKQ>O RK MRO> P>KDOBƮ .RÄ >DO>A>?IB BP AB@FO e3>JLP @>?>IILq ,E ELJ?OB J½P S>IB NRB PB >D>OOBK CRBOQB ÄI ABG>O½ I> PFII> BK BI >FOB !B BP> J>KBO> BP @LK OFPQF>KLP AB MRO> P>KDOB SBOA>ABOLP \ IBIRV>Ʈ e/B@F?FA BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL OOBMBKQÈLP @>A> RKL AB SLPLQOLP V ?>RQÈ@BPB BK BI +LJ?OB AB 'BPR@OFPQL M>O> MBOAÍK AB SRBPQOLP MB@>ALPq 0>IBK AFPM>O>ALP Q>K O½MFAL @LJL MRBABK IIBD>O >I >DR> BIILP P>IBK AFPM>O>ALP +L MRBABK ABP@>KP>O AÈ> V KL@EB E>PQ> NRB BIILP OB@F?BK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL t-LO NRÄ 2AP P>?BK RK OFPQF>KL P>?B NRFÄK BO> PR ->M½ t3BK PB KB@BPFQ>K ALP M>O> MOLAR@FO RK K>@FJFBKQL "PL BP @LOOB@QL M>M½ V J>J½ )> JRI> KL P>?B NRFÄK BO> M>M½ L NRFÄK BO> J>J½ -BOL KLPLQOLP P>?BJLP .RFÄK BO> ->M½ V *>J½ MLONRB K>@FJLP AB I> ->I>?O>
) - ) / % ) !
BP@OFQ> AB !FLP @LKCFOJ>A> MLO BI "PMÈOFQR -BAOL AFGL BK BI !È> AB -BKQB@LPQÄP e0F LP >OOBMBKQÈP V LP ?>RQFW½FP @>A> RKL AB SLPLQOLP BK BI +LJ?OB ABI 0BÌLO 'BPR@OFPQL M>O> MBOAÍK AB SRBPQOLP MB@>ALP OB@F?FOÄFP BI ALK ABI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQLq 6 EBOJ>KL RK SBOA>ABOL OFPQF>KL K>@FAL AB KRBSL LE EBOJ>KL PR BPMÈOFQR Q>K MOLKQL @LJL ÄI OB@F?B I> ->I>?O> ÄI OB@F?B BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL \-OBDÓKQBKIB >IDL BKQLK@BPƮ "I P>?B AÍKAB BPQ½ M>O>AL et OBB 2A BK P>KFA>A !FSFK> q e\ JÄKƮq et OBB 2A BK I> 0BDRKA> 3BKFA> q e\ JÄKƮq -OBDÓKQBKIB BPL > RK> JRI> )> OBIFDFÍK AB I>P JRI>P e2J VL KL PÄ "I !L@QLO 'LKBP AFGL RK> SBWƿq \ EƮ IIÈ IL QFBKBK S>K BK MLP AB 0>ÓI t3BK e,E BIILP KL P>?BK RBKL IBP AFDL JF FDIBPF> KL BPQ½ PBDRO> AB "IILq ,E EBOJ>KL MBOL RK ELJ?OB V RK> JRGBO K>@FALP AB KRBSL BPQ½K Q>K PBDROLP AB I> SBKFA> ABI 0BÌLO 'BPÓP BIILP BPQ½K Q>K PBDROLP AB NRB OB@F?FBOLK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL >PÈ @LJL NRB E>V RK "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL M>O> PBO A>AL ELO> 'BPÓP AFGLƿ)> JRGBO GRKQL >I MLWL e+LPLQOLP >ALO>JLP BK BPQB JLKQB V ILP 'RAÈLP >ALO>K BK 'BORP>IÄKq "I AFGL e\*RGBO LVB *FP ->I>?O>PƮ )> ELO> SFBKB V >ELO> BP @R>KAL BI ->AOB ?RP@> > >NRBIILP NRB IL >ALO>O½K BK BI "PMÈOFQR V BK I> 3BOA>Aq 1R ->I>?O> BP I> 3BOA>A 6 QLAL ELJ?OB NRB IBB I> F?IF> V @OBB QLA> ->I>?O> NRB BP> F?IF> AF@B V PFDRB 0RP FKPQOR@@FLKBP V OB@F?B BI JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL NRB BIILP OB@F?FBOLK AB I> JFPJ> J>KBO> NRB BIILP IL OB@F?FBOLK ILP JFPJLP OBPRIQ>ALP NRB BIILP OB@F?FBOLK BI JFPJL MLABO NRB L?QRSFBOLK @R>KAL BIILP IL OB@F?FBOLK ÄI P>?B NRFÄK BO> PR ->M½ V PR *>J½ "I P>?B NRB ÄI BPQ½ I>S>AL BK I> 0>KDOB ABI 0BÌLO 'BPR@OFPQL K>@FAL ABI "PMÈOFQR IIBKL @LK I> RK@FÍK AB !FLP "I P>?B AÍKAB BPQ½ M>O>AL \0BDROLƮ "I BPQ½ BK >K>½K "I P>?B AB AÍKAB SFBKB !B BP> J>KBO> BP @LK RK SBOA>ABOL OFPQF>KL -OBDÓKQBKIB et/B@F?FPQBFP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL ABPAB NRB @OBÈPQBFP q e\ JÄK EBOJ>KLƮq ->O>AL BI LQOL AÈ> GRKQL > RK> P>KQ> >K@F>K> AB KLSBKQ> V ALP >ÌLP E>?I>KAL @LK PR M>PQLO AB L@EBKQ> >ÌLP VL AFGB et ?RBIFQ> q 1>K ?OFII>KQB @LJL MLAÈ> PBO BII> AFGL e0È JF EFGLq 6L AFGB et R½KQL QFBJML E>@B ABPAB NRB 2A OB@F?FÍ BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL q "II> AFGL e\$ILOF> > !FLPƮ %>@B @LJL PBPBKQ> >ÌLP IL OB@F?Èq ELO> PF BII> ER?FBO> PFAL RK> JRI> BII> ER?FBO> AF@EL e ELO> BPMBOB RK JLJBKQL VL CRF @LKCFOJ>A> V OL@F>A> @R>KAL QBKÈ>ƿ RBKL @FBOQ>JBKQB V BIILP JB IIBS>OLK > I> FDIBPF> V IB IIBSÄ JF @>OQ> > %TK@MNq \,E JFPBOF@LOAF> AB JÈƮ "IILP KF PFNRFBO> P>?BK > AÍKAB MBOQBKB@BK
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-BOL BII> P>?È> AB AÍKAB SBKÈ> PR MOFJLDBKFQRO> "II> BPQ>?> >IIÈ @R>KAL PR@BAFÍ "II> E>?È> K>@FAL ABI >DR> V ABI "PMÈOFQR "II> P>?È> V BI >DR> MLO JBAFL ABI I>S>JFBKQL ABI >DR> MLO I> ->I>?O> PB OBNRFBOB I> ->I>?O>
ELO> L?PBOSBK @ÍJL BP AFOFDFAL BPQL e >NRBIILP NRB BPQ½K BK OFPQL 'BPÓPq ->?IL >ELO> OB@RBOABKƿ6L BPQLV QLJ>KAL JR@EL QFBJML MBOL KL SLV > QBOJFK>O BPQB @>MÈQRIL -BOL VL JB A>OÄ MOFP>ƿt)BP DRPQ> ,E KLP AF@B AÍKAB BPQ>JLP MBOL KL MLABJLP E>@BOIL BK RK> PLI> KL@EB +B@BPFQ>JLP RK JBP L ALP AB BPQL @>A> KL@EB M>P>O MLO "IIL ->I>?O> MLO ->I>?O> &O V SBOIL BK I>P EFPQLOF>P V MOBPBKQ½OPBILP ->I>?O> MLO ->I>?O> V JLPQO>OIBP NRB BP I> 3BOA>A ELO> MBOJÈQ>KJB IBBO O½MFA>JBKQB BPB SBOPÈ@RIL LQO> SBW
/@AKN @OÐRSNK CD )DRTBQHRSN ONQ K@ UNKTMS@C CD #HNR KL MLO I> SLIRKQ>A ABI ELJ?OB @ KNR R@MSNR X @LKGRK@FÍK EHDKDR DM "QHRSN )DRÖR PTD DRSÀM DM $EDRN 0FDKFCF@> NRB e"IILP E>K PFAL II>J>ALP CRBO> PBM>O>ALP V >ELO> E>K PFAL ?>RQFW>ALP MLO BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL V BPQ½K BK OFPQL 'BPÓP 6L BPQLV AFOFDFBKAL BPQ> BMÈPQLI> > 2AP JFP >J>ALPq \,EƮ 6L MFBKPL BK ->?IL >II½ @LK BIILP >ELOFQ> JFPJL \LE @R½K @LKQBKQLƮ BPB MBNRBÌL >MÍPQLI IB @LOQ>OLK PR @>?BW> >II½ 6L JB M>OÄ GRKQL >I IRD>O ALKAB BIILP IB @LOQ>OLK PR @>?BW> -BOL LE PR @>?BW> BPQ½ MRBPQ> BK BPB KRBSL @RBOML V KRK@> MRBAB PBO @LOQ>A> AB KRBSL 6 ÄI BPQ½ M>O>AL >II½ @LK BIILP BK BPQB JFPJL JLJBKQL BI JFPJL >MÍPQLI NRB BP@OF?FÍ BPQL 6 AFGL e\ SLPLQOLP NRB BPQ½FP BK OFPQL 'BPÓPƮ -LO RK PLIL "PMÈOFQR CRFJLP QLALP ?>RQFW>ALP BK BPQB RBOMLq ELO> JFOBK
&Q@BH@ X O@Y @ UNRNSQNR CD #HNR MTDRSQN /@CQD X CDK 2DÏNQ )DRTBQHRSN !DMCHSN RD@ DK #HNR X /@CQD CD MTDRSQN 2DÏNQ )DRTBQHRSN PTD MNR ADMCHIN BNM SNC@Dž,E tLVB 2A BPL E>OIFB DžADMCHIN BNM SNC@ ADMCHBHÐM DROHQHST@KDž +L PLI>JBKQB >IDRK>P M>O> ILP >MÍPQLIBP V >IDRK>P M>O> DRSN MBOL "I KLP ?BKAFGL @LK QLA> ?BKAF@FÍK BPMFOFQR>I "I JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL NRB @>VÍ BK BI !È> AB -BKQB@LPQÄP BP BI JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL >NRÈ BPQ> KL@EB "I JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL NRB EFWL > *>OÈ> DOFQ>O V E>?I>O BK IBKDR>P V QBKBO RK QFBJML J>O>SFIILPL V OBDL@FG>OPB V I>P @LP>P NRB BII> EFWL BP BI JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL >NRÈ BPQ> KL@EB "I JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL NRB ABGÍ > ->?IL BK >NRBII> K>SB ALKAB M>OB@È> @LJL NRB BPQ>?> FKRKA>AL V BPQ>?> MBOAFAL @>QLO@B AÈ>P V KL@EBP PFK IRK> L BPQOBII>P "I JFOÍ E>@F> >CRBO> V @>A> LI> QBKÈ> RK AF>?IL BK BII> JFO>KAL V ABPQBII>KAL PRP AFBKQBP V AFGL e1B SLV > ERKAFO >ELO> JR@E>@EL ELO> QB QBKDLq
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6 JFBKQO>P ->?IL CRB > LO>O RK ML@L >IIÈ PB M>OÍ RK KDBI AFGL e+L QBJ>P ->?IL "PQ> K>SB S> > K>RCO>D>O BK RK> @FBOQ> FPI> 3B V @LJB QR @BK> QLAL BPQ½ ?FBK >ELO>q NRÈ SBKÈ> @LK BP>P @>ABK>P PL?OB PRP MBNRBÌLP ?O>WLP >OO>PQO½KALI>P @LK PRP MFBP V AFGL e1BKBA ?RBK ½KFJL S>OLKBP MLONRB BI !FLP BI KDBI AB !FLP AB NRFBK PLV PFBOSL BPQRSL @LKJFDL V AFGL =->?IL KL QBJ>Pq "PB JFPJL "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL BPQ½ >NRÈ BPQ> KL@EB BI JFPJL "PMÈOFQR AB !FLP JFKFPQO½KALKLP I>P JFPJ>P ?BKAF@FLKBP BPMFOFQR>IBP DžMNR ADMCHIN BNM SNC@ ADMCHBHÐM DROHQHST@K DM KNR KTF@QDR BDKDRSH@KDRDž ,E M>OBJLP >NRÈ PÍIL RK JFKRQL J½P e"K IRD>OBP @BIBPQF>IBPq ELO> KL BK @R>INRFBO M>OQB PFKL BK IRD>OBP @BIBPQF>IBP "PQ>JLP OBRKFALP BK e@BIBPQF>IBPq PFDKFCF@> I> MLPF@FÍK ABI @OBVBKQB .RB PF VL BPQLV MOBM>O>AL BK LO>@FÍK 2AP BPQ½K MOBM>O>ALP BK LO>@FÍK L I> FDIBPF> BPQ½ MOBM>O>A> BK LO>@FÍK V BPQ>JLP IFPQLP M>O> BI *BKP>GB V KLP EBJLP OBRKFAL @LJL P>KQLP II>J>ALP CRBO> ?>RQFW>ALP @LK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL IIBKLP @LK I>P ?BKAF@FLKBP AB !FLP II>J>ALP BIBDFALP BPQ>JLP GRKQLP BK IRD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP >ELO> PLJLP BIBPQF>IBP BK KRBPQO>P >IJ>P +RBPQOLP BPMÈOFQRP KLP E>K QO>ÈAL > RK> >QJÍPCBO> BIBPQF>I \,E EBOJ>KLƮ \ IIÈ IL QFBKBK RK> >QJÍPCBO> BIBPQF>IƮ ,E tNRÄ MRAFBO> PR@BABO BPQ> KL@EB NRÄ MRAFBO> PR@BABO BPQ> KL@EB PF BPQRSFÄO>JLP PBKQ>ALP >NRÈ BK RK> >QJÍPCBO> BIBPQF>I V BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL JLSFÄKALPB PL?OB @>A> @LO>WÍK NRB E> PFAL OBDBKBO>AL V E> IIBD>AL > PBO RK> KRBS> @OF>QRO> BK OFPQL 'BPÓP 1LALP ILP MB@>ALP BPQ½K ?>GL I> 0>KDOB BK MBOCB@Q> >ALO>@FÍK @LK KRBPQO>P J>KLP >IW>A>P > !FLP V KRBPQOLP @LO>WLKBP IBS>KQ>ALP PBKQ>ALP BK IRD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP BK OFPQL 'BPÓP >ALO>KAL GRKQLP BK ILP IRD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP t0B E>K PBKQ>AL >IDRK> SBW BK RKL ,E VL JB EB PBKQ>AL E>PQ> IILO>O AB DLWL V AB@FO e!FLP KRK@> ABGBP NRB JB S>V> AB >NRÈq \)RD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP BK OFPQL 'BPÓPƮ t BKAF@FÄKALKLP @LK NRÄ 0>KFA>A !FSFK> MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL OBSBI>@FÍK SFPFLKBP MLABOBP IBKDR>P FKQBOMOBQ>@FLKBP P>?FAROÈ> @FBK@F> QLA>P I>P ?BKAF@FLKBP BIBPQF>IBP V DLWL FKBC>?IB V IIBKL AB $ILOF> @>A> @LO>WÍK IIBKL @LK BI "PMÈOFQR @>JFK>KAL GRKQLP PBKQ>ALP GRKQLP BK IRD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP KF RK PLIL J>I MBKP>JFBKQL BKQOB KLPLQOLP KF RK PLIL @FD>OOFIIL CRJ>AL KF RK PLIL SBPQFAL @LOQL KF RK PLIL DRSN @PTDKKN L IL NSQN KF RK PLIL J>I MBKP>JFBKQL K>AFB QFBKB >IDL BK @LKQO> BI RKL ABI LQOL QLALP E>?I>KAL BK >JLO V >OJLKÈ> QLALP RK½KFJBP GRKQLP eBKQLK@BP AB OBMBKQB SFKL ABI FBIL RK BPQORBKAL @LJL AB RK SFBKQL OB@FL NRB PLMI>?>q IIÈ IL QFBKBK e+LP ?BKAFGL @LK QLA> ?BKAF@FÍK BPMFOFQR>Iq "KQLK@BP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL MRAFBO> @>BO PL?OB >IDRFBK V AB@FO e 0& !& " ") 0"¯,/ 3B > RK @FBOQL IRD>O V E>P RK>
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@FBOQ> @LP>q ,?PÄOSBKIL PR@BABO >PÈ AB O½MFAL 8"I %BOJ>KL O>KE>J QORBK> PRP ABALP QOBP SB@BP ǀ"AFQLO: t3BK e 0& !& " ") 0"¯,/ %>W RK> @FBOQ> @LP> BK RK @FBOQL IRD>O ,?PÄOSBKIL PR@BABO AB BP> J>KBO> 8"I %BOJ>KL O>KE>J QORBK> PRP ABALP ALP SB@BP : e+LP ?BKAFGL BK QLA>P I>P ?BKAF@FLKBP BIBPQF>IBP BK IRD>OBP BIBPQF>IBP \,?PBOSBKƮ 2DFÖM MNR DRBNFHÐDž t)L BP@LDFJLP KLPLQOLP > "I L KLP BP@LDFÍ "I > KLPLQOLP "I KLP BP@LDFÍ t R½KAL t)> KL@EB BK NRB IL >@BMQ>JLP > "I \"P@LDFALPƮ 2DFÖM MNR DRBNFHÐ DM ÇK @MSDR CD I>P CRKA>@FLKBP CDK LTMCN O@Q@ PTD ETÇRDLNR R@MSNRDžRHM L@MBG@ CDK@MSD CD ÇK $MDžtABKLJFK>@FLKBP DžDM @LNQDž t R½KAL KLP BP@LDFÍ !FLP t R½KAL ILP BP@LDFÍ !FLP > 2AP NRB QFBKBK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL t R½KAL ILP BP@LDFÍ "I KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL 8"PM>@FL BK ?I>K@L BK I> @FKQ> ǀ"AFQLO:ƿ CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL "I ILP BP@LDFÍ 6 BKSFÍ > 'BPÓP M>O> NRB "I MRAFBO> PBO I> MOLMF@F>@FÍK AB PRP MB@>ALP M>O> II>J>OILP > OB@LK@FIF>@FÍK > "I JFPJL >I >JLO ,E ABPB>OÈ> NRB QRSFÄO>JLP PÍIL RKLP @R>KQLP JFKRQLP J½P AB QFBJML KQBP AB NRB S>V>JLP J½P >ABI>KQB MBOJÈQ>KJB FO >QO½P $ÄKBPFP )L SLV > @LKQFKR>O BI JFÄO@LIBP R>KAL !FLP EFWL >I ELJ?OBƿ KQBP AB NRB "I EF@FBO> >I ELJ?OB "I PB II>JÍ > 0È JFPJL e"Iq " I "I " I E e"I>Eq e"ILEFJq )> M>I>?O> PFDKFCF@> BK BI EB?OBL eBI >RQLBUFPQBKQBq "I PLIL +>A> BUFPQÈ> >KQBP NRB "I "I BO> QLA> I> BUFPQBK@F> NRB E>?È> \"I >RQLBUFPQBKQBƮ "I "I>E "ILEFJ PFDKFCF@> BI eQLALPRCF@FBKQB LJKFMLQBKQB 1LALMLABOLPL >RQLBUFPQBKQBq \,EƮ
-BOL BK $ÄKBPFP @R>KAL "I EFWL >I ELJ?OB "I AFGL e6L PLVq 6 > E R ' R S R E 'SER e'BELS½q t.RÄ PFDKFCF@>?> e6L PLV BI QLALBUFPQBKQB .RFBK EB @OB>AL >IDL QLJ>AL AB *È JFPJL M>O> NRB PB> EFGL *ÈL L RK MBNRBÌFQL QBJMLO>I L >CF@FLK>AL *ÈLq \$ILOF>Ʈ t-LO NRÄ "I IB AFL >I ELJ?OBƿ'BELS½ PFDKFCF@> NRB "I IB AFL >I ELJ?OB NRB CRBO> RK AFLP >CF@FLK>AL -LONRB "I BP ->AOB !FLP V "I EFWL >I ELJ?OB RK AFLP >CF@FLK>AL >PÈ NRB "I V> KL BP >RQLBUFPQBKQB "I BUFPQB @LK 0R C>JFIF> "I>E "I>E "ILEFJ ELO> >ELO> "I BP 'BELS½ )DGNUÀ PFDKFCF@>KAL BI eNRB BUFPQB @LK 0R C>JFIF>q ELO> !FLP EFWL >I ELJ?OB M>O> NRB CRBO> BI MOBALJFK>KQB PL?OB QLA> I> QFBOO> ÄI QBKÈ> ALJFKFL 6 I> QFBOO> BO> BI ALJFKFL ABI ELJ?OB t"P BPL "P@OFQRO> "KQLK@BP PF BPB BO> PR ALJFKFL ÄI BO> AFLP PL?OB I> QFBOO> "I MLAÈ> E>?I>O V >PÈ BO> "I MLAÈ> E>?I>O DRSN V >PÈ BO> IIÈ BPQ½ "I !FLP 'BELS½ BI NRB RK> SBW BUFPQÈ> BK >RQLBUFPQBK@F> MBOL >ELO> BUFPQB @LK 0R C>JFIF> V 0RP MBNRBÌFQLP @LK "I IIÈ IL QFBKBK
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ELO> IB>K BPL "KQO>OBJLP BK BIIL BI JFÄO@LIBP BK I> KL@EB @R>KAL QBKD>JLP J½P QFBJML 0ÍIL QBKBJLP @LJL NRFK@B JFKRQLP J½P V S>JLP >ƿ6L MBKPÄ NRB IIBD>OÈ> > RK @FBOQL MRKQL >NRÈ MBOL KL IL E>OBJLP > ALKAB BPQ>JLP PBII>ALP @LK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL AB I> MOLJBP> *RV ?FBK ELO> t@R½KAL CRFJLP II>J>ALP > PBO PFBOSLP AB !FLP t R½KAL CRB II>J>AL ,OJ>K +BSFIIB > PBO RK PFBOSL AB !FLP \,E EBOJ>KLPƮ *B >PLJ?O> )BP AFOÄ SB>JLP >IDRK>P "P@OFQRO>P 6L NRFBOL NRB 2A ?RPNRB -OFJBO> AB -BAOL 6 ->Q ?RPNRB ML@>IFMPFP 6 VL ?RP@>OÄ ML@>IFMPFP ELO> NRBOBJLP BP@R@E>O >NRÈ 2AP NRFBOBK P>?BO @R½KAL ILP II>JÍ !FLP M>O> PBO OFPQF>KLP ,E >JL BPQL "PQL BP e+L PÍIL AB M>K SFSFO½ BI ELJ?OB PFKL AB QLA> ->I>?O> NRB P>IB AB I> ?L@> AB !FLPq *RV ?FBK %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB 2A QFBKB -OFJBO> AB -BAOL 8"I %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB AF@B e q ǀ"AFQLO: PÈ NRB IB> V "P@R@EBK BPQL 8e V q : 0È 8"I %BOJ>KL +BSFIIB IBB -OFJBO> AB -BAOL : 2HMN BNM K@ R@MFQD OQDBHNR@ CD "QHRSN BNLN CD TM BNQCDQN RHM L@MBG@ X RHM BNMS@LHM@BHÐM 8@ CDRSHM@CN CDRCD @MSDR CD K@ ETMC@BHÐM CDK LTMCN ODQN L@MHEDRS@CN DM KNR ONRSQDQNR SHDLONR ONQ @LNQ CD UNRNSQNR t R½KAL CRB ABPQFK>AL "I KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL %BOJ>KL ->Q IB> ML@>IFMPFP MLO JÈ 8"I %BOJ>KL ->Q IBB ML@>IFMPFP ǀ"AFQLO: +@ ADRSH@ PTD G@R UHRSN DQ@ X MN DR X DRSÀ O@Q@ RTAHQ CDK @AHRLN D HQ @ ODQCHBHÐM X KNR LNQ@CNQDR CD K@ SHDQQ@ @PTDKKNR BTXNR MNLAQDR MN DRSÀM DRBQHSNR CDRCD K@ ETMC@BHÐM CDK LTMCN DM DK KHAQN CD K@ UHC@ RD @RNLAQ@QÀM UHDMCN K@ ADRSH@ PTD DQ@ X MN DR X RDQÀ t.RFÄK S> > PBO BKD>Ì>AL t.RFÄK S> > PBO BKD>Ì>AL MLO BPQ> MBOPLK> OBIFDFLP> @LJL IL CRB 0>ÓI "PL CRB Q>K >PQRQL V Q>K MBOCB@QL >I DO>AL NRB BKD>Ì>OÈ> > ILP tNRÄ ILP " ƿ8)> @LKDOBD>@FÍK @LKQBPQ> e IBDFALP ǀ"AFQLO: PFƿ 8eCRBOB MLPF?IBq : PF CRBOB MLPF?IB *RV ?FBK ML@>IFMPFP MBOJÈQ>KJB IBBOIL M>O> 2AP 8 K@ @CNQ@QNM SNCNR KNR LNQ@CNQDR CD K@ SHDQQ@DžK@ @CNQ@QNM SNCNR KNR LNQ@CNQDR CD K@ SHDQQ@ BTXNR MNLAQDR MN CRBOLK DRBQHSNR DM DK KHAQN CD K@ UHC@ CDK "NQCDQN PTD ETD HMLNK@CN >KQBP ABI OQHMBHOHN CDK LTMCN t R½KAL CRBOLK MRBPQLP KRBPQOLP KLJ?OBP BK BI )F?OL AB I> 3FA> ABI LOABOL R>KAL BI LOABOL CRB FKJLI>AL >KQBP ABI MOFK@FMFL ABI JRKAL R>KAL !FLP BO> 'BELS½ "I "I>E "ILEFJ BI >RQLBUFPQBKQB PÈ @LJL RK !F>J>KQB JRV DO>KAB V "I KL MLAÈ> PBO K>A> J½P MBOL >ABKQOL AB BPQB !F>J>KQB 0RP >QOF?RQLP E>?È> RK 0>IS>ALO "K BPQLP >QOF?RQLP ABKQOL AB "I E>?È> RK 0>K>ALO RBKL KL E>?È> K>A> NRB P>IS>O V K>A> NRB P>K>O MBOL
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0RP >QOF?RQLP IL MOLARGBOLK PÈ NRB BKQLK@BP >KQBP ABI MOFK@FMFL ABI JRKAL @R>KAL "I P>?È> NRB BI DO>K ABPMIFBDRB AB "I >NRÈ NRB "I PBOÈ> RK 0>IS>ALO NRB "I SBKAOÈ> V PBOÈ> EB@EL @>OKB V JLO>OÈ> BKQOB KLPLQOLP V "I P>?È> NRB MLO 0RP II>D>P PBOÈ>JLP @RO>ALP "I FKJLIÍ >I LOABOL BK 0R )F?OL >KQBP ABI MOFK@FMFL ABI JRKAL V BP@OF?FÍ BI KLJ?OB AB 2AP BK BPB )F?OL >KQBP ABI MOFK@FMFL ABI JRKAL \,EƮ \"P@R@EBK "PQLƮ -OBABPQFK>@FÍK JFO> E>@F> >QO½P >I MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL NRFBOL AB@FO > I> BIB@@FÍK "IB@@FÍK JFO> E>@F> >QO½P >I MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL V MOBABPQFK>@FÍK JFO> E>@F> BI ABPQFKL +L LISFABK BPL NRB BIB@@FÍK JFO> >NRÈ >QO½P >NRÈ BPQ½ e6L BO> RK> BPMFK> 6L K>@È BK MB@>AL CRF CLOJ>AL BK FKFNRFA>A SFKB >I JRKAL E>?I>KAL JBKQFO>P K>@È BKQOB MB@>ALOBP ->M½ V J>J½ V QLA> JF C>JFIF> BKQBO> MB@>ALOBP 6L BO> RK> BPMFK> -BOL AB OBMBKQB JB @LKSBOQÈ BK RK DO>KL AB QOFDL t ÍJL PR@BAFÍ q "PL tNRÄ BP BPL "IB@@FÍK !FLP >KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL BIFDFÍ NRB I> BPMFK> F?> > @LKSBOQFOPB BK RK DO>KL AB QOFDL e ELO> PÄ NRB PLV RK DO>KL AB QOFDL MLONRB PLV P>ISL t ÍJL IL E>DL q 3BL E>@F> >QO½P V SBL NRB "I IL MOBABPQFKÍ E>@B JR@EL QFBJML -LO JBAFL AB MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL "I SFL NRB IL >J>OÈ> >PÈ NRB "I EFWL RK> MOLMF@F>@FÍK > QO>SÄP AB 0R MOLMFL %FGL M>O> NRB > QO>SÄP AB "I VL MRAFBO> @LKSBOQFOJB AB RK> BPMFK> > RK DO>KL AB QOFDL e ELO> tBK AÍKAB BPQLV >ELO> q 0LV P>ISL BPQLV @>JFK>KAL BK I> DO>@F> AB !FLP et.RÄ SB I> MOBABPQFK>@FÍK q I ABPQFKL et AÍKAB JB S> > IIBS>O "I V >AÍKAB SLV q JÄK "PL IL QFBKB > RKL >D>OO>AL IIÈ IL QFBKBK
ELO> IB>JLP PÍIL RK MLNRFQL J½P >ABI>KQB V BKQLK@BP QBKAOBJLP NRB QBOJFK>O ABKQOL AB JRV ML@L
2DFÖM MNR DRBNFHÐ DM ÇK @MSDR CD K@ ETMC@BHÐM CDK LTMCN O@Q@ PTD ETÇRDLNR R@MSNRDžRHM L@MBG@ CDK@MSD CD ÇK $M @LNQ G@AHÇMCNMNR OQDCDRSHM@CN O@Q@ RDQ @CNOS@CNR MOBABPQFK>ALP O@Q@ RDQ @CNOS@CNR GHINR RTXNR ONQ LDCHN CD )DRTBQHRSN RDFÖM DK OTQN @EDBSN CD RT UNKTMS@C t.RÄ EFWL "I "I MLO MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL KLP SFL >KQF@FM>A>JBKQB P>?FBKAL NRB "I BO> RK 0>IS>ALO >RQLBUFPQBKQB +L E>?È> KDBIBP K>A> PÍIL !FLP "I>E "ILEFJ "I >RQLBUFPQBKQB K>AFB J½P PFKL "I PLIL -BOL BK "I E>?È> RK 0>IS>ALO -RBP tNRÄ BP IL NRB "I F?> > P>IS>O KL E>?È> K>A> MBOAFAL 0>?FBKAL BPL BKQLK@BP "I P>?È> NRB BPQB DO>K >QOF?RQL BK "I MOLVB@Q>OÈ> >IDL J½P >ABI>KQB NRB "I MLAOÈ> P>IS>O "KQLK@BP @R>KAL EFWL BPL MLO JBAFL AB MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL "I JFOÍ E>@F> >?>GL V SFL > @>A> RKL NRB IL >@BMQ>OÈ> 6 BKQLK@BP >I E>@BOIL >PÈ "I AFGL e->O> P>IS>O BPL I> ÓKF@> J>KBO> BK NRB MRBAL E>@BOIL PBO½ ABP@BKABO 6L JFPJL V PBO EB@EL @>OKB V MLKBO BI MB@>AL ABI ELJ?OB PL?OB "I V JLOFO MLO ÄI M>O> NRB
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6L MRBA> PBO BI NRB BP >ALO>ALq MLONRB "I BP !FLP BI L?GBQL AB >ALO>@FÍK "KQLK@BP "I ABP@BKAFÍ V IL MRPL PL?OB 0È JFPJL 6 JFBKQO>P "I EFWL BPL "I EFWL BPL AB J>KBO> NRB "I MRAFBO> P>IS>OILP > 2AP NRFBKBP NRFBOBK PBO P>IS>ALP t3BK 2AP IL NRB NRFBOL AB@FO -LO MOBSFL @LKL@FJFBKQL BI !FLP FKCFKFQL NRB P>?È> QLA>P I>P @LP>P SFL >I LOABOL V "I FKJLIÍ >I LOABOL >KQBP ABI MOFK@FMFL ABI JRKAL V "I MRPL PRP KLJ?OBP BK BI )F?OL AB I> 3FA> ABI LOABOL 6 "I SFL IL BKD>ÌLPL AB 0>Q>K½P IL NRB ÄI F?> > E>@BO PÈ NRB "I MRPL PRP KLJ?OBP >IIÈ 6 "I AFGL NRB BI >KQF@OFPQL PBOÈ> Q>K OBIFDFLPL Q>K ?RBKL RK FKAFSFARL Q>K CFKL RK ELJ?OB Q>K FKQBIFDBKQB RK ELJ?OB Q>K OBIFDFLPL NRB ÄI BKD>Ì>OÈ> > ILP JFPJLP BP@LDFALP PF CRBO> MLPF?IB -BOL BP RK FJMLPF?IB MLONRB PRP KLJ?OBP CRBOLK MOBLOABK>ALP >KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL -LO BIB@@FÍK "I ILP BP@LDFÍ V MLO MOBABPQFK>@FÍK BIILP P>?BK > AÍKAB S>K IIÈ IL QFBKBK ELO> tNRFÄK MRAFBO> ARA>O BPL "PL BP IL NRB ->?IL AFGL "P> BP I> "P@OFQRO> AB ->?IL "PB BP BI BP@OFQL AB ->?IL "PL CRB IL NRB ÄI IB BKPBÌÍ > PR FDIBPF> )> FDIBPF> BK MLPF@FÍK >KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL R>KAL !FLP BK 0R ALILO AB M>OQL BPQ>?> A>KAL > IRW A½KALILP > IRW > 2AP P>?FBKAL IL NRB 2AP E>OÈ>K "I ILP @LIL@Í BK MLPF@FÍK ABKQOL AB 0R MOLMFL RBOML M>O> PBO RK> >J> AB @>P> M>O> PBO RK >DOF@RIQLO M>O> PBO RK MOBAF@>ALO M>O> PBO RK MOLCBQ> M>O> PBO DRSN L M>O> PBO @PTDKKN "I ILP @LIL@Í BK MLPF@FÍK "KQLK@BP @R>KAL EBJLP P>IFAL AB I>P QFBOO>P ABI >GL AB "DFMQL > QO>SÄP AB P>KQFCF@>@FÍK V PLJLP JBQFALP > I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> PFBKAL ?>RQFW>ALPƿ-LONRB I> MOLJBP> AB !FLP BP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL "CBPFLP AF@B e+L @LKQOFPQÄFP BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL AB !FLP @LK BI @R>I CRFPQBFP PBII>ALP E>PQ> BI AÈ> AB I> OBABK@FÍKq "KQLK@BP !FLP E>?FBKAL MOBABPQFK>AL I> FDIBPF> "I AFGL e6 QLA> I> DBKQB E>?O½ JFIILKBP AB JFIILKBP NRB >KA>O½K JRV OBIFDFLPLP V PBO½K BKD>Ì>ALPq )LP ÓKF@LP NRB KL PBO½K BKD>Ì>ALP PBO½K >NRBIILP NRB E>K BKQO>AL BK I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> NRFBKBP >KQBP AB I> CRKA>@FÍK ABI JRKAL QBKÈ>K PRP KLJ?OBP MRBPQLP BK BI )F?OL AB I> 3FA> ABI LOABOL V E>K SBKFAL > I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> V I> BPQ½K AFPCORQ>KAL *R@E> DBKQB QFBKB QBJLO AB NRB 2AP S>K > >@QR>O O>OL *R@E> DBKQB QFBKB QBJLO AB NRB BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL ILP E>O½ > 2AP E>@BO >IDL NRB 2AP ǀ2AP QBKAO½K SBODÕBKW> AB I> DBKQB *R@E> DBKQB QFBKB QBJLO AB NRB S>K > IILO>O V NRB PRP >J>A>P ILP SBO½K IILO>KAL L J>J½ L PR SB@FKL L PR M>QOÍK ILP SBO½ !ÄGBKJB @LKQ>OIBP >@BO@> AB RK ELJ?OB BK RK> L@>PFÍK >KQBP AB QBOJFK>O %>?È> RK ELJ?OB II>J>AL !>SFA V @R>KAL BI >O@> AB !FLP E>?È> BPQ>AL BK I> QFBOO> #FIFPQB> V @ORWÍ >I LQOL I>AL G>I>A> MLO RK >O@> RK ?RBV ILP BPQ>?> G>I>KAL @R>KAL !>SFA SFL BP> >O@> SBKFO ÄI QBKÈ> MRBPQ> RK> MBNRBÌ> SBPQFARO> ÄI @LOOFÍ >II½ >CRBO> ÄI DLIMBÍ PRP MFBP BK BI >FOB V P>IQÍ >IOBABALO V DOFQÍ V P>IQÍ V A>KWÍ V P>IQÍ V A>KWÍ \6 ÄI BI OBV
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AB &PO>BIƮ 6 PR BPMLP> JFOÍ E>@F> >CRBO> AB I> SBKQ>K> V IL SFL >@QR>KAL Q>K BUQO>ÌL BII> IL JBKLPMOB@FÍ -RBP BII> AB?B E>?BO AF@EL e\"I FAFLQ>Ʈ *ÈOBKIL >II½ >CRBO> I> J>KBO> BK NRB ÄI BPQ> >@QR>KAL IBS>KQ>KAL PRP MFBP BK BI >FOB V P>IQ>KAL >IOBABALO V >@QR>KAL AB BP> J>KBO> \-RBP ÄI AB?B AB BPQ>O IL@LƮq 6 BP> KL@EB @R>KAL ÄI BKQOÍ BII> AFGL BK M>I>?O>P @LJL ÄPQ>P e\-RBP QÓ JB E>P >SBODLKW>AL -RBP QÓ BI OBV JF BPMLPL >II½ >CRBO> E>@FBKAL BPL >@QR>KAL AB BP> J>KBO>Ʈq !>SFA AFGL e*>Ì>K> IL E>OÄ JBGLO NRB BPL \0È PBÌLOƮq "I AFGL et+L P>?BP NRB BPQ>?> A>KW>KAL M>O> BI 0BÌLO q \"I @ORWÍ >I LQOL I>ALƮ "I BPQ>?> BK I> QFBOO> AB I> MOLJBP> "I E>?È> MBOAFAL QLAL BPQFIL MOLMFL V I> PR@FBA>A ABI JRKAL "I BPQ>?> Q>K CBIFW AB P>?BO NRB BI >O@> BPQ>?> BKQO>KAL > PR MOLMF> @FRA>A 6 LE IBP AFDL >IDRK> DBKQB QFBKB QBJLO AB OB@F?FO BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL QBJLO AB NRB BIILP MRAFBO>K E>?I>O BK IBKDR>P "IILP QFBKBK QBJLO AB NRB >IDRFBK CRBO> > AB@FO e ELO> ÄI BP RKL AB BPLP QFMLP NRB E>?I>K IBKDR>Pq "IILP QFBKBK QBJLO AB SBKFO > I> FDIBPF> M>O> PBO ?>RQFW>ALP BK BI +LJ?OB AB 'BPR@OFPQL MLONRB BIILP BPQ½K >SBODLKW>ALP AB "IIL \'>Ʈ \,EƮ IDRFBK AFGL NRB VL QBKAOÄ NRB E>@BO NRB ABSRBIS>K JFP @FKQ>P MLONRB EB MOBAF@>AL AB PBO ?>RQFW>AL BK BI +LJ?OB AB 'BPR@OFPQL 6L KL SLV > E>@BO NRB I>P ABSRBIS>K \3LV > E>@BO J½PƮ "PL BP @LOOB@QL @LOOB@QL \SLV > E>@BO J½PƮ "P> BP I> F?IF> \0F > BIILP KL IBP DRPQ> IL NRB EF@FJLP >VBO PÍIL L?PBOSBK IL NRB S>JLP > E>@BO J>Ì>K>Ʈ "PL BP IL NRB E>V NRB E>@BO tSBK PÍIL PFD>K >ABI>KQB +L E>V CFK M>O> BIIL MLONRB BP ABI 0BÌLO "P !FLP t0>?BK IL NRB EFWL !FLP !FLP JFOÍ E>@F> >?>GL ABPAB BI FBIL "I AFGL e!>SFA QÓ BOBP RK ELJ?OB @LKCLOJB > *F MOLMFL @LO>WÍKq !>SFA KL BPQ>?> >SBODLKW>AL "I BO> RK PFBOSL ABI 0BÌLO "I >J>?> >I 0BÌLO 6 ÄI BPQ>?> Q>K CBIFW Q>K IIBKL AB >IBDOÈ> >I DO>AL NRB ÄI KL MBKPÍ >@BO@> ABI MOBPQFDFL ERJ>KL t3BK 2AP @LJL AFGB BK JF PBOJÍK BPQ> J>Ì>K> QBKBJLP Q>KQL QBJLO NRB NRBOBJLP RK 0>ÓI M>O> NRB KLP BKPBÌB NRBOBJLP RK 0>ÓI AB >IDÓK PBJFK>OFL NRB KLP AFD> @ÍJL AB?BJLP E>@BO KRBPQO> OBIFDFÍK V @ÍJL IL AB?BJLP AB E>@BO "PL BPQ½ BK BI LQOL I>AL ABI 'LOA½K "K BPQB I>AL BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL DRÈ> NRÈ 2AP BPQ½K CRBO> AB BP> PR@FBA>A NRÈ > 2AP KL IBP FJMLOQ> NRÄ MFBKPBK BIILP NRÈ 2AP BPQ½K JRBOQLP V PR SFA> BPQ½ BP@LKAFA> BK OFPQL MLO JBAFLƿV PBII>ALP MLO BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL 2AP KL IBP FJMLOQ> 2AP BPQ½K SFSFBKAL BK >K>½K 2AP MRBABK M>OQF@FM>O ABI ?RBK J>ÈW 2AP PLK RK>P KRBS>P @OF>QRO>P BK OFPQL 'BPÓP 2AP S>K @LK ABPQFKL > I> QFBOO> MOLJBQFA> 6L OB@RBOAL BI BPQ>O >II½ M>O>AL %BOJ>KL LIIFKP E>@B >IDRKLP QOBFKQ> >ÌLP @R>KAL QLA>SÈ> KL PB E>?È> @LKPQORFAL BPQ> FDIBPF> #RB RK> MBNRBÌ> OBRKFÍK BK RK> @>OM> @LIL@>A> >NRÈ BK I> BPNRFK> JF MOFJBO> OBRKFÍK 6L BPQ>?> MOBAF@>KAL BPQB JFPJL
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"S>KDBIFL I> JFPJ> @LP> I>P FKBP@ORQ>?IBP OFNRBW>P AB OFPQL BI ?>RQFPJL BK >DR> BK BI +LJ?OB AB 'BPR@OFPQL @OBVBKAL NRB QLA> ->I>?O> BP I> 3BOA>A BI ?>RQFPJL ABI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL P>KFA>A !FSFK> ILP MLABOBP AB !FLP >PÈ @LJL IL MOBAF@L >ELO> KRK@> JB ABPSFÄ RK> PLI> MRID>A> AB K>A> AB "IIL !FLP JB E> OBSBI>AL J½P AB "II> > JÈ >PÈ NRB > JBAFA> "I I> OBSBI> VL PÍIL PFDL QO>VÄKALI> "I KRK@> IB NRFQ> AB IL NRB E> E>?FAL "I PÍIL PFDRB >Ì>AFÄKALIB J½P 6L BPQRSB >II½ @R>KAL @BO@> AB NRFKFBKQ>P MBOPLK>P BPQ>?>K AB MFB BK I>P LOFII>P @>KQ>KAL e6L JB M>OL BK I>P OF?BO>P QLOJBKQLP>P ABI GLOA½K V IB B@EL RK> JFO>A> ABPBLP> > I> QFBOO> EBOJLP> V CBIFW AB >K>½K ALKAB PB BK@RBKQO>K JFP MLPBPFLKBP t R½KAL IIBD>OÄ > BP> @LPQ> P>IRA>?IB V PBOÄ ?BKAB@FAL M>O> PFBJMOB @R½KAL IIBD>OÄ V BPQ>OÄ BKƿAB JF ->AOB V ABP@>KP>OÄ M>O> PFBJMOB q R>KAL BJMBW>OLK > @>KQ>O BPL VL IIBS>?> > RK JR@E>@EL >I OÈL M>O> ?>RQFW>OIL >IIÈ BK BI +LJ?OB ABI 0BÌLO 'BPÓP 6L AFGB e->AOB BIBPQF>I JFBKQO>P QO>FDL > BPQB JR@E>@EL > 1F BK ?>PB > PR @LKCBPFÍKƿq 6L JFPJL BO> Q>K PÍIL RK JR@E>@EL QBKDL I>P CLQLDO>CÈ>P AB BIIL BK I> @>P> !FGB e R>KAL IL ?>RQF@B @LK >DR> 0BÌLO BK ?>PB > PR @LKCBPFÍK BK BI +LJ?OB AB 'BPR@OFPQL BI %FGL AB !FLP 1Ó IIÄK>IL @LK BI "PMÈOFQR 0>KQLq 6 @LJL BK BPB JLJBKQL IDL BJFQFÍ RK QLO?BIIFKL V >NRÈ SBKÈ> E>@F> >?>GL DFO>KAL I> "PQOBII> /BPMI>KAB@FBKQB AB I> *>Ì>K> BPQ>?> >IIÈ IIÈ BPQRSL BP> )RW NRB 2AP SBK >IIÈ BK I> CLQLDO>CÈ> IIÈ BPQRSL #RB >IOBABALO ABI JRKAL >II½ >OOF?> BK >K>A½ V >IOBABALO !FGBOLK e2K> )RW JÈPQF@> >M>OB@B PL?OB RK JFKFPQOL >RQFPQ> IL@>I JFBKQO>P ÄI BPQ>?> ?>RQFW>KALq %>@B RKLP AÈ>P @R>KAL BI !L@QLO )>JP> SFKL > JÈ V KRK@> PRML K>A> >@BO@> AB BPL V JB QO>GL RK> CLQLDO>CÈ> I> @R>I BI EBOJ>KL QFBKB >IIÈ >ELO> @LK ÄI t1FBKB 2A BP> CLQLDO>CÈ> t1FBKB I> F?IF> @LK 2A MRBPQ> >EÈ BPQ>?> BK PR IF?OL *RV ?FBK %>?È> RK> CLQLDO>CÈ> ABI >KQFDRL PFDKL %B?OBL AB !FLP BU>@Q>JBKQB >NRBIIL NRB BUFPQFÍ BK ILP AÈ>P AB 'L? >KQBP AB NRB I> F?IF> CRBO> BP@OFQ> !FLP BK 0RP QOBP >QOF?RQLP KL QOBP AFLPBP 2K !FLP BK QOBP >QOF?RQLP ->AOB %FGL V "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL QOBP LCF@FLP BK ILP NRB !FLP L?OÍ \+L QOBP AFLPBP QOBP >QOF?RQLPƮ 6 >IIÈ BPQ>?> R>KAL BPB DO>K ELJ?OB BI !L@QLO )>JP> I> QO>AR@@FÍK AB I> F?IF> )>JP> @R>KAL ÄI AFGL BP> J>Ì>K> R>KAL IB AFGB BPL VL AFGBǀVL AFGB et.RÄ BP BPB PFDKL q "I AFGL e"PB BP BI PFDKL >KQFDRL AB !FLP BK BI %B?OBL !FLP RK !FLP BK QOBP >QOF?RQLPq 6L AFGB et1>IBP @LJL ->AOB %FGL V "PMÈOFQR 0>KQL q "I PB ABQRSL V MRPL PR Q>W> AB @>CÄ >?>GL ÄI JB JFOÍ $BKB @OBL NRB QÓ BPQ>?>P >IIÈ )BL !FGL et OBB 2A BPL q 6L AFGB e LK QLAL JF @LO>WÍKq
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