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New contributors We are very pleased to count among our new contributors: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan European Academies' Science Advisory Council (EASAC) European project AIDA Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica – ITQB Quadram Institute Raising The Floor – International Swansea University The University of Adelaide

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December 2017 You have received this monthly newsletter from AlphaGalileo because you are subscribed to the AlphaGalileo research news service. AlphaGalileo is the world’s independent business to business service of breaking research news for the media. [email protected]

A sequential electron microscope photo of a housefly's bristles which carry bacteria Flies could help to monitor disease outbreaks by acting as ‘autonomous bionic drones’ suggest scientistse - Nanyang Technological University - 24 November 2017

November’s Hits Parade - Top 5 Our most read news releases in November 2017 1. Brain imaging reveals ADHD as a collection of different disorders - Elsevier - 07 November 2017 Researchers have found that patients with different types of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impairments in unique brain systems, indicating that there may not be a one-size-fits-all explanation for the cause of the disorder. Based on performance on behavioral tests, adolescents with ADHD fit into one of three subgroups, where each group demonstrated distinct impairments in the brain with no common abnormalities between them.

2.Why did the Earth's ancient oceans disappear? - University of Oslo, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - 09 November 2017 Geoscientists at CEED, University of Oslo have, together with colleagues at Oxford, found a novel way of mapping the Earth’s ancient oceans.

3. Three-Dimensional Nanomagnets for the computer of tomorrow - Plataforma SINC - 15 November 2017 Since the late 60´s electronic devices have stored and transmitted information (bits) in two-dimensional circuits. Now, researchers at the University of Cambridge have been able to break this barrier by creating a nanoscale magnetic circuit capable of moving information along the three dimensions of space. This breakthrough could lead to an important increase in storage and processing capacities of electronic devices over those used today.

4. 3…2…1…Launch! Graphene goes Zero G! - Graphene Flagship - 13 November 2017 After a long summer of hard work in the laboratories, researchers in the Graphene Flagship are ready for two experiments this week, testing graphene technologies for space-related applications in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA).

5. An electronic converter that improves the electrical power output of larger wind turbines - Elhuyar Fundacioa - 10 November 2017 An electronic converter developed by the NUP/UPNA-Public University of Navarre enables the energy produced by larger wind turbines (of up to 6.6 kilovolts) to be inserted into the power grid. These devices cut energy losses and can operate with a higher output, like that of the turbines currently being deployed, in particular offshore ones.

News Managers' selections in French, German, English and Spanish Protéger les espèce marines, une histoire de statisticiens? - 08 November 2017 - Université de Genève Lorsque les pêcheurs jettent leur filet en mer, ils ne peuvent pas trier leurs prises. Des poissons d’espèces non commercialisables et protégées, à l’image du requin marteau, se retrouvent prisonnières et meurent inutilement. Afin de limiter au maximum ces prises accidentelles, des statisticiens de l’Université de Genève (UNIGE), de l’Université de Dalhousie (Halifax, Canada) et de l’Université nationale australienne (Canberra) ont proposé une nouvelle méthodologie statistique permettant de prédire avec plus de précision les prises accidentelles lors de futures campagnes de pêche. Cette méthode, à découvrir dans la revue Annals of Applied Statistics, est également applicable à d’autres domaines, à l’image de l’économie de la santé, de la médecine ou encore des sciences de l’éducation. Mütterlicher Stress wirkt sich unterschiedlich auf das Wachstum der Nachkommen aus - 23 November 2017 - German Primate Center

Welchen Einfluss Stress in der Schwangerschaft auf den ungeborenen Nachwuchs hat, wurde in zahlreichen Studien an verschiedenen Säugetierarten untersucht – jedoch mit sehr unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Mal führte der Stress zu einer schnelleren, mal zu einer verlangsamten Entwicklung der Nachkommen, oft hatte er auch gar keine Auswirkungen. Forscher vom Deutschen Primatenzentrum – Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung (DPZ) und von den Universitäten Göttingen und New Mexiko konnten nun mit einer Metaanalyse Ordnung in die zuvor verwirrenden Ergebnisse zu den Auswirkungen von mütterlichem Stress bei Säugetieren bringen. „Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Einfluss von mütterlichem Stress auf die Entwicklung der Nachkommen davon abhängt, ob die Mutter im frühen oder späten Stadium der Schwangerschaft Stress erfahren hat“, sagt Andreas Berghänel, Erstautor der Studie. Den beobachteten Effekten liegen demnach zwei verschiedene Prozesse zugrunde, die sich je nach Entwicklungsstand des Nachwuchses gegenseitig aufheben können. Die Studie wurde in der Zeitschrift PNAS veröffentlicht.

Ungeborene und Säuglinge sind direkt von mütterlichem Investment abhängig. Mit zunehmender Unabhängigkeit nehmen auch die Effekte von mütterlichem Stress auf den Nachwuchs ab, wenn dieser nur spät in der Schwangerschaft auftrat. Foto: Kittisak Srithorn El origen de la lluvia y los olores - 30 November 2017 University of Seville Preguntas cotidianas como qué determina realmente las nubes y la lluvia, qué le da a los vinos espumosos su distintivo aroma

o por qué los neumáticos generan tanto humo al quemarse tienen respuestas íntimamente ligadas. El profesor de la Universidad de Sevilla Alfonso Gañán ha desarrollado un modelo muy exacto sobre el origen de todos estos fenómenos a partir de un mecanismo microscópico universal que ocurre en la superficie de los líquidos, independientemente de la mera evaporación. Sus resultados han sido publicados en un artículo de Physical Review Letters, la revista general de Física que más citas recibe en todo el mundo.

Gotas Boy is given new skin thanks to gene therapy - 08 November 2017 - Ruhr-Universitaet-Bochum A medical team at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum’s burn unit and the Center for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Modena (Italy) were the first ever to successfully treat a child suffering from extensive skin damage using transplants derived from genetically modified stem cells. The boy is a so-called butterfly child: he suffers from epidermolysis bullosa, a genetic skin disease that had destroyed approximately 80 percent of his epidermis. After all established therapies had failed, the medical team from Bochum decided to try an experimental approach: they transplanted skin derived from genetically modified stem cells onto the wound surfaces. Thanks to the successful therapy, the boy is now – two years after the treatment – able to participate in his family’s life and social life. The scientists published their report in “Nature”.

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